The Tragedy Of Hamlet Essays - Shakespearean Tragedies,

Patrick Bateman in American Psycho essays

Patrick Bateman in American Psycho papers In American Psycho, the wannabe and obviously fundamental character Patrick Bateman gives total indications of madness. As a general rule he is intellectually temperamental and needs capacity to control his blood-thirst wants. He is beguiling, untrustworthy and backstabbing to his kindred associates (whom are nearly on a similar level as himself), his fiancee and obviously his casualties. His reality as we see it portrays him as a clever controlling sequential executioner, in which every one of his casualties are killed in view of significant worth in Bateman's eyes. In contrast to standard sequential executioners nonetheless; Patrick's outward appearance shows him as an attractive, knowledgeable Harvard Grad who fills in as an effective monetary counsel in Wall Street during the buyer market of the 1980's New York City. His reality as we probably am aware it; is moving in at a quick disturbing rate however will his perverted desires surpass all out craziness as his past dreams bring reality into completely egregious acts. Behind the portrayal in the novel we can't resist the urge to pass on the current setting of Bateman's reality. The tale portrays it as elitist covetousness attempting to stress the way that each character utilizes judgment by status and style. We can get an away from of the way of life during the 80's as hip. Sex, Drugs and Wealth all partake in the quick way of life of Patrick and his primary social gathering whom appreciate legitimate manners and the fine night life of New York City. Bateman is fixated on appearance, typically passing judgment on others by what they wear or where they live. In about each scene whether it is in another dance club in Soho or having a beverage with a customer; he sets aside the effort to truly expound on every single planner made attire he is wearing and where it was bought. As American Psycho starts we can't resist the urge to envision how lavish Patrick has it. Extending from his total assets in the millions to his Park Ave condo a couple of entryways down from Tom Cruise just one can envision a character issue so immense. Anyway as the no... <!

Strategy Implementation Essay -- Business, Organizational Design

This report gives an examination and assessment of technique execution utilized by California Pizza Kitchen (CPK) and talks about the adequacy of their methodology through association configuration, control frameworks, individuals and culture. My examination inferred that CPK depends on control frameworks to embrace a lion's share of the company’s operational exercises and that HR and hierarchical culture must help the procedure actualized, which it does in on account of CPK. Presentation Key usage is a basic factor when settling on choices with respect to issues that influence the vision, crucial, targets of an association. Techniques are regularly actualized in understanding to the way of life of the association, the nature of control frameworks, the partners, and the idea of the authoritative structure. So as to make progress in the usage of methodologies, the structure of these elements must work in a joint effort with each other. For example, the vital vision of CPK lies in the formation of an all inclusive perceived brand name and along these lines, the entirety of the objectives and targets of CPK must be coordinated in understanding that the organization accomplishes this goal (California Pizza Kitchen 2011). Moreover, the vision explanation is comprehensive in itself in that it imparts the message in a directional, adaptable, and centered way. Key execution involves the use of intentional administration procedures to accomplish the ideal outcomes. Overwhelmingly, the procedure is accomplished through the determination of usage moves toward that are identified with an organization’s structure, the executives of HR, creating, dynamic and data forms, allotting assets, deciding attractive ... ...ementation of methodologies inside the organization. In conclusion, images do assume significant jobs at CPK and this incorporates the famous administration of the organizers, Rick Rosenfield and Larry Flax. End Procedure usage is a significant element at CPK and the sort of techniques executed rely upon hierarchical plan, structure, HR (individuals), authoritative culture, and the utilization of control frameworks (Bradford and Duncan, 2000). Despite the fact that the statements of purpose are not transparently expressed anyplace, they are fundamental in affecting the kinds of procedures actualized by the organization and must be executed so that impacts the exhibition of the organization. HR and hierarchical culture must help the procedure executed. Finally, CPK relies upon control frameworks to embrace dominant part of the company’s operational exercises.

Great Wall of China Essay If You Have a Writer’s Block

Incredible Wall of China Essay If You Have a Writer’s Block The Great Wall of China can be honorably considered one of the structure supernatural occurrences that make due in current world. There is such a great amount to state about it in your Great Wall of China article that you may be lost at all the choices. We have gathered some of them for you to consider and to pick one for your Great Wall of China paper. Extraordinary Wall of China Essay: Option #1 The Great Wall of China is an exceptional structural development, unparalleled in current world. In your Great Wall of China paper, you can decide to lead a chronicled and compositional examination of this brilliant stronghold. Follow authentic sources with respect to when and by whom the Great Wall of China was worked, just as what work it performed. Did it achieve its defensive capacities? Has it stayed in a similar condition during that time or was it modified from various materials? These are only a portion of the numerous inquiries to consider in your Great Wall of China article. Incredible Wall of China Essay: Option #2 Safeguarding of chronicled legacy is one of the key undertakings for the informed individuals these days. You can committed your Great Wall of China exposition to conversation of the condition of the Great Wall of China. Has it saved totally? Is it ensured by law? Is it consistently kept up? What ought to be done to let our descendants consider it to be a similar wonder as it is currently? Extraordinary Wall of China Essay: Option #3 There has been a ton of contest on the perceivability of the Great Wall of China from space. In your Great Wall of China exposition you can follow the reports on this issue and harp on the issue. What ends do you reach from your examination? Is the Great Wall of China obvious from space or not?

10 of the Best Feminist Books About Dismantling the Patriarchy

10 of the Best Feminist Books About Dismantling the Patriarchy I am happy to be living in a world with so much beautiful writing about how we can make the world a better place. There are lots of big problems to tackle, but thankfully, weve got some great minds on the case. If you are looking for further feminist reading on dismantling the patriarchy, or are just getting your start, there is something here for everyone. Now get out there and fight the good fight. The Feminine Mystique by Betty Friedan This book, though written in 1963, remains quintessential feminist reading. Is it a bit dated? Yes. But not as much as youd think. Frankly, reading this, I was shocked at how much of what Friedan was talking about is still very relevant to the modern world. She breaks down the rather sudden and confusing left turn the womens movement took post-WWII. In previous decades we were seeing a lot of positive movement, gaining the right to vote, women joining the workforce in droves, and then the 1950s hit and everything shifted. Friedan called it the The Problem that Has No Name because women of the era were basically gaslit into thinking that the oppression they were experiencing was a gift. They didnt even have the words to discuss what was happening. This book started that conversation. We Should All Be Feminists by Chimamanda Ngozi Adichie This short, brilliant essay provides a great and inspiring primer into modern, intersectional feminism around the world. Through discussing her own experiences in the U.S. and in her home, Nigeria, she paints a picture of cultural discrimination and institutional marginalization that shapes the everyday lives of women. It is at times humorous and heart-wrenching, and provides a much-needed world view of feminism. The Beauty Myth by Naomi Wolf This book is another landmark of feminist reading. When it was written in the 90s, it helped redefine the relationship between beauty and the female identity. Wolf argues that it goes beyond a simple double standard and works as a kind of social control. The book builds heavily off of the work of Friedan in this regard. While the book does suffer from being slightly dated, and has some research that has been questioned, the sociological analysis of society is quite eye-opening and valuable. Nasty Women: Feminism, Resistance, and Revolution in Trumps America Edited by Samhita Mukhopadhyay This collection of essays grapples with a wide range of issues affecting women in the Trump era. With essays on topics from grappling with the loss of hope around having a female president, to reproductive rights, to how feminism intersects with the transgender community, to being queer and black in rural America, this book provides a broad and varied vision of what it means to be a woman in 2019. There is a nice arc to how the essays are arranged, and even has some ideas on how we move forward to create a better world. How to Date Men When You Hate Men by Blythe Roberson If you need a bit of comedy after all of these heavy books, this book is perfect. Robersons glib voice is in turns scathing and self-deprecating. This book isnt  really about hating men. Its more about how to date as a straight cis woman in a world where men hold most of the power and yet are often completely unaware of how much power they hold over women. Its complicated trying to navigate in such a society and build and find love based on equality. Especially when most women are raised with the idea that male validation is a requirement to be considered successful. I Dont Want To Talk About It by Terrence Real This is the only book here written by a man, but it is an important one. Real, a psychologist, discusses the plight of male depression and how men arent encouraged to talk about their feelings. He explores the negative effects of this on male psychology and, ultimately, society as a whole. In order to dismantle the patriarchy, we do need the help of men, and that means allowing them to explore a full range of emotion. Reals stance is very appreciated and still not talked about enough. Hunger by Roxane Gay Roxane Gays heart-wrenching memoir about her body is not a directly feminist text but is so important in continuing the conversation of how we view beauty. She talks extensively about the struggle with her weight over the years, her familys continuous comments, the meanness shes experienced at the hands of society, and myriad other issues that relate to having an unruly body in a society that wants women to be controlled. Her writing is beautiful, and there is no semblance of preaching in her tone whatsoever. She walks you through her painful experiences, which began with a horrific sexual assault when she was a child, and asks the readers to think about what this means for society as a whole. Men Explain Things to Me by Rebecca Solnit Men Explain Things to Me is a slim collection of essays that tackles many issues, but does a great job of bringing to light the microaggressions that women face every day. Is mansplaining a traumatic experience? No, probably not, but it is really fucking annoying. And breaking down the small ways that women are oppressed every day is how we begin to dismantle the larger system of oppression. The first essay is particularly strong and will make you laugh in a dear-god-youve-got-to-be-kidding-me kind of way. Women have been silenced for centuries and this book of essays draws a throughline from simple mansplaining to the type of silencing that leads to real harm. Women, Race, and Class by Angela Y. Davis This is another classic feminist book, but it is still 100% relevant to today. For anyone still trying to understand intersectionality, this is required reading. The book examines the womens movement throughout history and shows how it has been systematically hampered by the government and leaders who are sexist, racist, and classist. Specifically, she also highlights the racism that was inherent in the fight for womens suffrage. White feminism isnt the way forward, the only way we will ever truly dismantle the patriarchy is by joining forces and taking it down together. All About Love: New Visions by bell hooks Love as activism. Love as an all-powerful and healing force. hooks will completely win you over to this way of thinking. There is space for a wide range of feelings when dealing with the patriarchyâ€"anger, pain, sadnessâ€"but this is one of those books that will blow open your mind to a different way of thinking. In her famously beautiful way, hooks shows how love can heal the wounds that we have on an individual level, and then scales that up to healing the whole nation. Compassion and love build community, and in community, we can reimagine what our society truly looks like.

Campylobacter Jejuni - Free Essay Example

Campylobacter Jejuni Campylobacter jejuni is one of a family of bacteria known as Campylobacteriaceae that collectively are responsible for a significant number of reported cases of gastroenteritis in the UK. Gastrointestinal infection with Campylobacter spp. can produce significant long term sequelae, such as reactive arthritis and the neurological condition Guillain-Barre Syndrome. This report will give a brief overview of campylobacter jejuni with regard to its microbiology, and the identification and management of campylobacter infection. Campylobacters were recognised as a cause of human illness in the 1970s, but were probably first identified in humans by Escherich in 1886, who identified spiral shaped bacteria of the colons of children who had died from a condition he called cholera infantum (Escherisch 1886). Veterinary research at the beginning of the twentieth century identified similar bacteria in livestock, and the bacteria (termed at the time vibrio or spirillium) was implicated in a number of reported cases in both animals and humans throughout the mid-twentieth century (Butzler 2004). The key breakthrough was reported in 1972, when Dekeyser and Butzler were able to isolate the bacteria now known as campylobacter jejuni from the stool of an infected patient (Dekeyser 1972). Campylobacter spp. are classified as part of rRNA superfamily VI, a cl assification of bacteria that also includes Helicobacter and Arcobacter (Vandamme 1991). Campylobacters, and other members of the classification, are small, gram-negative bacteria that are specially adapted to colonise the surface of the mucous membranes of the digestive tract. This is reflected in the morphology of the bacteria, which has a spiral-shaped body with long unsheathed flagella at each tip. Consequently, Campylobacter are highly motile, and are able to tunnel through the mucous layer and colonise the membrane below, which is a key ability as they are highly susceptible to acidity. They are partially anaerobic, alongside other members of the classification, and undergo transformation to coccoid forms when exposed to adverse conditions (Moran 1987). Presently, 18 subspecies of Campylobacter have been identified and 11 of these are thought to be pathogenic in humans. By far the most common are campylobacter jejuni and campylobacter coli; together, these bacteria are a leadi ng cause of diarrhoeal illness. Principal risk factors for infection with campylobacter jejuni include the consumption of undercooked meat, especially poultry, inadequately pasteurised milk, contaminated water and pets with diarrhoea (Gillespie 2008). There may be human-human transmission via the faeco-oral route if personal hygiene is unsatisfactory (Wilson 2008). There is an incubation period of around 3 days, though this can range from 1-7 days. There is occasionally a prodromal illness of fever, myalgia and headache lasting around 24 hours, and patients who present with the prodromal illness often have a more severe infection than those presenting with gastrointestinal symptoms (Minton 2004). The principal illness is characterised by colicky, periumbical abdominal pain, pyrexia (the fever may be as high as 40à ¢? °C) and profuse diarrhoea, often with up to 10 bowel movements each day. The stool may be watery initially, and blood may appear in the stool as the infection progresses. Around 25% of patients will experiences tenesmus (Minton 2004). Symptoms of diarrhoea generally last for up to 7 days, and abdominal pain may persist a little longer. The illness is generally self-limiting, though the prognosis can be worse in the very young, the elderly, those with comorbid condition and the immunocompromised (Nelson 2004). It is not possible to differentiate campylobacter infection from other causes of infective gastroenteritis based on history and examination findings alone (Buss 2015). Therefore, detection of campylobacter in a stool sample is the mainstay of diagnosis, though a negative sample cannot exclude the presence of campylobacter. Samples are rarely positive after two weeks. Stool samples should always be collected in patients presenting with these symptoms, as infection with campylobacter is a notifiable disease in England and Wales (NICE 2014). In a generally fit and well adult, the main risk of acute diarrhoea of any cause, inclu ding campylobacter, is dehydration. Therefore, maintaining adequate hydration is the cornerstone of treatment. This can generally be achieved by increasing oral fluid intake, but in vulnerable patients intravenous hydration may be indicated. Rehydration may be encouraged with the administration of Racecadotril. Racecadotril is an intestinal antisecretory enkephalinase inhibitor that inhibits the breakdown of endogenous enkephalins, reducing the hypersecretion of water and electrolytes into the intestine (NICE 2013). Racecadotril is licensed in the United Kingdom for the complimentary treatment of acute diarrhoea in patients aged greater than 3 months, together with oral rehydration. Though the symptoms of campylobacter infection are unpleasant and inconvenient, there is generally no indication for antimotility medications. In fact, unless the diagnosis is confirmed via the laboratory, these medications are contraindicated as toxic megacolon has been reported as an adverse effect of antimotility medications in patients with pseudomembranous colitis and inflammatory bowel disease (Minton 2004). Given the short duration and self-limiting nature of the condition, antibiotic therapy is generally not recommended. A Swedish meta-analysis of eleven randomised control trials reported that, versus placebo, antimicrobial therapy reduced the duration of intestinal symptoms by only 1.3 days (95% CI 0.6-2.0 days) (Ternhag 2007). A further review by the National Institute of Health and Care Excellence (NICE) reported that antibiotic treatment with erythromycin cleared the bacteria from stool samples rapidly, but had no effect on the course of the disease (NICE 2009). Problems exist with antibiotic-resistant species of campylobacter, largely due to antibiotic use in animals (Gallay 2007; Lehtopolko 2010). However, antibiotic therapy should be considered for patients with severe disease or at risk of severe disease. Patients with severe disease include individuals wit h bloody stools, high fever, extra intestinal infection, worsening or relapsing symptoms, or symptoms lasting longer than one week (Ruiz-Palacios 2007). Patients classified as at risk of severe disease include the immunocompromised, the elderly and pregnant women. NICE supports this, suggesting that antibiotic therapy may be indicated if any of the following occur (NICE 2014): High fever Bloody diarrhoea More than eight stools daily Worsening clinical condition Illness for over a week Pregnancy Immunocompromise Should an antibiotic be required, azithromycin and erythromycin are the most effective agents against campylobacter in the UK, with a single 30mg/kg dose of azithromycin early in the disease proving just as effective as a 5 day course of erythromycin (Vukelic 2010). The British National Formulary recommends a combination therapy of clarithromycin with ciprofloxacin as an alternative. There are a number of complications of campylobacter infection. Acute bacterial gastroenteritis has been linked with the onset of irritable bowel syndrome in around 15% of cases à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â‚¬Å" this is termed post-infective IBS (Smith 2007). Further complications include Reiters Syndrome (a form of reactive arthritis characterised by urethritis, conjunctivitis and arthritis), and the neurological condition Guillain-Barre Syndrome. In summary, campylobacter jejuni is a gram negative, spiral shaped bacteria that colonises the mucous membranes of the gut. This colonisation produces a self-limitin g illness characterised by fever, cramping abdominal pains and diarrhoea. Infection is diagnosed via detection of the bacteria in a sample of faeces. The mainstay of treatment is rehydration à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â‚¬Å" antibiotics are rarely indicated. References Buss S, Leber A, Chapin K, Fey P, Bankowski M, Jones M, Rogatcheva M, Kanack K, Bourzac K. (2015). Multicenter Evaluation of the BioFire FilmArray Gastrointestinal Panel for Etiologic Diagnosis of Infectious Gastroenteritis. Journal of Clinical Microbiology. 53(3) Butzler J-P 2004 Campylobacter, from obscurity to celebrity. Clinical Microbiology and Infection 10(10) Dekeyser, P, Gossuin-Detrain, M, Butzler, JP, and Sternon, J. 1972 Acute enteritis due to a related vibrio: first positive stool cultures. Journal of Infectious Diseases 125 Escherich, T. 1886 Beitrage zur Kenntniss der Darmbacterien. III. Ueber das Vorkommen von Vibrionen im Darmcanal und den Stuhlgangen der Sauglinge. (Articles adding to the knowledge of intestinal bacteria. III. On the existence of vibrios in the intestines and feces of babies.). MÃÆ' ¼nchener Med Wochenschrift. 33 Gallay A, Prouzet-MaulÃÆ' ©on V, Kempf I, Lehours P, Labadi L, Camou C, Denis M, de Valk H, Desenclos JC, MÃÆ' ©grau d F. 2007 Campylobacter antimicrobial drug resistance among humans, broiler chickens, and pigs, France. Emerging Infectious Diseases 13(2) Gillespie L, OBrien S, Penman C, Tomkins D, Cowden J, Humphrey T. 2008 Demographic determinants for Campylobacter infection in England and Wales: implications for future epidemiological studies. Epidemiology and Infection 136(12) Lehtopolku M, Nakari UM, Kotilainen P, Huovinen P, Siitonen A, Hakanen AJ. 2010 Antimicrobial susceptibilities of multidrug-resistant Campylobacter jejuni and C. coli strains: in vitro activities of 20 antimicrobial agents. Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy 54(3) Minton J, Stanley P. 2004 Intra-Abdominal Infections. Clinical Medicine 4(6) Moran AP, Upton ME 1987 Factors affecting production of coccoid forms by Campylobacter jejuni on solid media during incubation. Journal of Applied Bacteriology 62(6) Nelson JM, Smith KE, Vugia DJ, Rabatsky-Ehr T, Segler SD, Kassenborg HD, Zansky SM, Joyce K, Marano N, Hoekstra RM, Angulo FJ. 2004 Prolonged diarrhea due to ciprofloxacin-resistant campylobacter infection. Journal of Infectious Diseases 190(6) NICE. (2013). Acute diarrhoea in children: racecadotril as an adjunct to oral rehydration. Available: https://www.nice.org.uk/advice/esnm12. Last accessed March 23rd 2015. NICE. (2009). CG84 Diarrhoea and vomiting in children: Diarrhoea and vomiting caused by gastroenteritis: diagnosis, assessment and management in children younger than 5 years. Available: https://www.nice.org.uk/guidance/cg84. Last accessed March 23rd 2015. NICE. (2014). Gastroenteritis. Available: https://cks.nice.org.uk/gastroenteritis. Last accessed March 23rd 2015. Ruiz-Palacios GM 2007. The health burden of Campylobacter infection and the impact of antimicrobial resistance: playing chicken. Clinical Infectious Diseases 44(5) Smith JL, Bayles D. 2007 Postinfectious irritable bowel syndrome: a long-term consequence of bacterial gastroenteritis. Journal of Food Protection 70(7) Ternhag A, Asikainen T, Giesecke J, Ekdahl K. 2007 A meta-analysis on the effects of antibiotic treatment on duration of symptoms caused by infection with Campylobacter species. Clinical Infectious Diseases 44(5) Vandamme P, Falsen E, Rossau R, Hoste B, Segers P, Tytgat R, De Ley J 1991 Revision of Campylobacter, Helicobacter, and Wolinella taxonomy: emendation of generic descriptions and proposal of Arcobacter gen. nov. International Journal of Systematic Bacteriology 41(1) Vukelic D, Trkulja V, Salkovic-Petrisic M. 2010 Single oral dose of azithromycin versus 5 days of oral erythromycin or no antibiotic in treatment of campylobacter enterocolitis in children: a prospective randomized assessor-blind study. Journal of Pedatric Gastroenterology and Nutrition 50(4) Wilson D, Gabriel E, Leatherbarrow A, Cheesbrough J, Gee S, Bolton E, Fox A, Fearnhead P, Hart C, Diggle P. 2008 Tracing the Source of Campylobacteriosis. PLoS Genetics 26; 4(9)

How to Create a Warm and Friendly Classroom Environment

To create a friendly, non-threatening classroom environment, here are some  strategies gathered from seasoned educators who create a warm and welcoming environment for their students every day.   You can start on creating an environment that is conducive to learning and maximizing student social and academic growth in 10 easy steps: Greet your students each day with enthusiasm. Find something positive to say as much as possible or as much as time will allow for.Provide students with time to share happenings, events, or items with you.  Even if you set a certain time frame aside each day for 3-5 students to share, it will help to create a friendly, warm, and welcome environment. It shows them you care and it provides you with opportunities to learn about what is important about each of your students.Take the time on occasion to share something that is important to you. This could be the fact that your own child took their first steps or that you saw a wonderful play that you would like to share with your students. Your students will see you as a real and caring person. This type of sharing shouldnt be done every day but rather from time to time.Take time to talk about differences within the classroom. Diversity is everywhere and children can benefit from learning about diversity at a very early age. Talk about varying cultural backgrounds, body image, body types, talents, strengths, and weaknesses. Provide opportunities for your learners to share their strengths and weaknesses. The child who may not be able to run fast may be able to draw very well. These conversations always need to be held in a positive light. Understanding diversity is a lifelong skill children will always benefit from. It builds trust and acceptance in the classroom.Say no to all forms of bullying. There is no such thing as a welcoming, nurturing environment when there is tolerance for bullying. Stop it early and make sure all students know that they should report bullying. Remind them that telling on a bully is not tattling, it is reporting. Have a set of routines and rules that prevent bullying.Build activities into your day that support students working together and building rapport with one another. Small group work and team work with well-established routines and rules will help in developing a very cohesive envi ronment.Focus on the strengths when calling upon a student. Never put down a child for not being able to do something, take some one-to-one time to support the child. When asking a child to demonstrate or respond to something, be sure that the child is in their comfort zone and always capitalize on the strengths. Showing sensitivity to each of your students is extremely important in protecting their confidence and self-esteem.Promote two-way respect. I cant say enough about two-way respect. Adhere to the golden rule, always show respect and you will get it back in return.Take time to educate the class about specific disorders and disabilities. Role play helps to develop empathy and support among classmates and peers.Make a conscientious effort to promote confidence and self-esteem among every student in the classroom.  Give praise and positive reinforcement that is real and deserved often. The more that students feel good about themselves, the better they will be toward themselves and others.

Biography of Jim Jones, Peoples Temple Cult Leader

Jim Jones (May 13, 1931–November 18, 1978), the leader of the Peoples Temple cult, was both charismatic and disturbed. Jones had a vision for a better world and established the Peoples Temple to help make that happen. Unfortunately, his unstable personality eventually overcame him and he became responsible for the deaths of more than 900 people, most of whom committed revolutionary suicide or were murdered at the Jonestown compound in Guyana. Fast Facts: Jim Jones Known For: Cult leader responsible for the suicide and murder of more than 900 peopleAlso Known As: James Warren Jones, FatherBorn: May 13, 1931 in Crete, IndianaParents: James Thurman Jones, Lynetta PutnamDied: November 18, 1978  in Jonestown,  GuyanaEducation: Butler UniversitySpouse: Marceline Baldwin JonesChildren: Lew, Suzanne, Stephanie, Agnes, Suzanne, Tim, Stephan Gandhi; several children out of wedlockNotable Quote: Id like to choose my own kind of death, for a change. Im tired of being tormented to hell. Tired of it. Early Years Jim Jones was born in the small town of Crete, Indiana, on May 13, 1931. Since his father James had been injured in World War I and was unable to work, Jims mother Lynetta supported the family. Neighbors considered the family a little odd. Childhood playmates remember Jim holding mock church services in his home, many of which were funeral services for dead animals. Some questioned where he kept finding so many dead animals and believed he had killed some himself. Marriage and Family While working in a hospital as a teenager, Jones met Marceline Baldwin. The two were married in June 1949. Despite an extremely difficult marriage, Marceline stayed with Jones until the end. Jones and Marceline had one child together and adopted several children of various ethnicities. Jones was proud of his rainbow family and urged others to adopt interracially. As an adult, Jim Jones wanted to make the world a better place. At first, Jones tried to be a student pastor at an already established church, but he quickly quarreled with the churchs leadership. Jones, who strongly opposed segregation, wanted to integrate the church, which was not a popular idea at that time. Healing Rituals Jones soon began preaching specifically to African-Americans, whom he most wanted to help. He often used healing rituals to attract new followers. These highly staged events claimed to heal peoples illnesses—anything from eye problems to heart disease. Within two years, Jones had enough followers to start his own church. By selling imported monkeys as pets to people door to door, Jones had saved enough money to open his own church in Indianapolis. The Origins of the Peoples Temple Founded in 1956 by Jim Jones, the Peoples Temple started in Indianapolis, Indiana as a racially integrated church that focused on helping people in need. At a time when most churches were segregated, the Peoples Temple offered a very different, utopian view of what society could become. Jones was the leader of the church. He was a charismatic man who demanded loyalty and preached of sacrifice. His vision was socialist in nature. He believed that American capitalism caused an unhealthy balance in the world, where the rich had too much money and the poor worked hard to receive too little. Through the Peoples Temple, Jones preached activism. Although just a small church, the Peoples Temple established soup kitchens and homes for the elderly and mentally ill. It also helped people find jobs. Move to California As the Peoples Temple grew increasingly successful, scrutiny of Jones and his practices grew as well. When an investigation into his healing rituals was about to begin, Jones decided it was time to move. In 1966, Jones moved the Peoples Temple to Redwood Valley, California, a small town just north of Ukiah in the northern part of the state. Jones picked Redwood Valley in particular because he had read an article that listed it as one of the top places least likely to be hit during a nuclear attack. Plus, California seemed much more open to accepting an integrated church than Indiana had been. About 65 families followed Jones from Indiana to California. Once established in Redwood Valley, Jones expanded into the San Francisco Bay Area. The Peoples Temple once again established homes for the elderly and the mentally ill. It also helped addicts and foster children. The work done by the Peoples Temple was praised in newspapers and by local politicians. People trusted Jim Jones and believed he had a clear view of what needed to be changed in the United States. Yet, many did not know that Jones was a much more complex man; a man who was more unbalanced than anyone ever suspected. Drugs, Power, and Paranoia From the outside, Jim Jones and his Peoples Temple looked like an amazing success; the reality, however, was quite different. In fact, the church was transforming into a cult centered around Jim Jones. After the move to California, Jones changed the tenor of the Peoples Temple from religious to political, with a strong communist bent. Members at the top of the churchs hierarchy had pledged not only their devotion to Jones  but had also pledged over all of their material possessions and money. Some members even signed over custody of their children to him. Jones quickly became infatuated with power, requiring his followers to call him either Father or Dad. Later, Jones began to describe himself as Christ and then, in the last few years, claimed that he was himself God. Jones also took large quantities of drugs, both amphetamines and barbiturates. At first, it might have been to help him stay up longer so that he could get more good works done. Soon, however, the drugs caused major mood swings, his health deteriorated, and it increased his paranoia. No longer was Jones just worried about nuclear attacks. He soon believed that the entire government—especially the CIA and FBI—was after him. In part to escape from this perceived government threat and to escape from an exposà © article about to be published, Jones decided to move the Peoples Temple to Guyana in South America. The Jonestown Settlement and Suicide Once Jones had convinced many of the Peoples Temple members to move to what was supposed to be a utopian commune in the jungles of Guyana, Joness control over his members became extreme. It was apparent to many that there was no escape from Joness control; this control was leveraged, in part, by his use of mind-altering drugs to manage his followers. According to The New York Times, he had stockpiled and was administering Quaaludes, Demerol, Valium, morphine and 11,000 doses of Thorazine, a drug used to calm people with extreme mental problems. The living conditions were horrible, the work hours were long, and Jones had changed for the worse. When rumors of the conditions at the Jonestown compound reached relatives back home, concerned family members put pressure on the government to take action. When Rep. Leo Ryan of California took a trip to Guyana to visit Jonestown, the trip ignited Joness own fears of a government conspiracy that was out to get him. To Jones, greatly addled by drugs and his paranoia, Ryans visit meant Joness own doom. Jones launched an attack against Ryan and his entourage and in so doing used that to influence all his followers to commit revolutionary suicide. Ryan and four others were killed in the attack. Death While most of his followers (including children) died from being forced at gunpoint to drink cyanide-laced grape punch, Jim Jones died on the same day (November 18, 1978) of a gunshot wound to the head. It is still unclear whether or not it was self-inflicted. Legacy Jones and the Peoples Temple have been the subject of many books, articles, documentaries, songs, poems, and movies about the events in Jonestown, Guyana. The event also gave rise to the expression drinking the Kool-Aid, meaning believing in a flawed and potentially dangerous idea; this phrase derives from the deaths of so many Peoples Temple members after drinking poison-laced punch or Kool-Aid. Sources Editors of Encyclopaedia Britannica. â€Å"Jim Jones.†Ã‚  Encyclopà ¦dia Britannica, 14 Nov. 2018.â€Å"Jones Commune Found Stocked With Drugs to Control the Mind.†Ã‚  The New York Times, 29 Dec. 1978.â€Å"The Culture of Jim Jones: An Analysis of Reactions to the Jonestown Tragedy.†Ã‚  Alternative Considerations of Jonestown Peoples Temple.

`` Temporarily Yours Desire, Demand, And The Commerce Of...

I read chapter 46, â€Å"Temporarily Yours: Desire, Demand, and the Commerce of Sex† by Elizabeth Bernstein. This chapter dealt with the issue of prostitution and how it is perceived in modern society and how it affects the economy. The chapter drew on field observations and interviews with male clients of commercial sex workers. As well as how State agents deal with enforcing state laws on commercial sexual exchanges. In the chapter Bernstein, tells her reader that prostitution is illegal in all states with the exception of Nevada. Bernstein goes on to explain that this does not stop clients from seeking out paid sexual exchanges, even thought they know the risk of possible arrests or being infected with a sexually transmitted infection. While I was reading the article, the first time through, my initial question was what draws a client to seeking out a paid sexual experience. Bernstein answers that question with the interviews included in the chapter, which were conducted wi th several male clients. The first reason is that the clients do not want to have the pressures or the commitment that comes from being in a relationship. Second, is that sex is seen as an exchangeable commodity in the capitalist economy of America. The third reason is that paying for sex is a form having fun because there are no strings attached. This goes along with not wanting a committed relationship. This doesn’t mean that married men do not seek out sex from prostitution. Bernstein talks aboutShow MoreRelatedAnalysis Of Cornel West, An American Philosopher And Political Activist1444 Words   |  6 Pagespost-industrial American society. Sex workers are not automatically considered to be from low-income, marginalized groups, and instead, they have come to also include individuals from the educated, middle-class category. This demographic transition reveals the gradual diversification of the sex market that has taken place over time. This diversification can be attributed to the rapidly developi ng connection between commerce and intimacy that has given rise to the term â€Å"sexual commerce.† This concept reflectsRead MoreStephen P. Robbins Timothy A. Judge (2011) Organizational Behaviour 15th Edition New Jersey: Prentice Hall393164 Words   |  1573 Pagesphotocopying, recording, or likewise. To obtain permission(s) to use material from this work, please submit a written request to Pearson Education, Inc., Permissions Department, One Lake Street, Upper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458, or you may fax your request to 201-236-3290. Many of the designations by manufacturers and sellers to distinguish their products are claimed as trademarks. Where those designations appear in this book, and the publisher was aware of a trademark claim, the designationsRead MoreMarketing Mistakes and Successes175322 Words   |  702 Pagesgood and bad handling of problems and opportunities are forever emerging. But sometimes we bring back an oldie, and with updating, gain a new perspective. For new users, I hope the book will meet your full expectations and be an effective instructional tool. Although case books abound, you and your students may find this somewhat unique and very readable, a book that can help transform dry and rather remote concepts into practical reality, and lead to lively class discussions, and even debatesRead MoreOne Significant Change That Has Occurred in the World Between 1900 and 2005. Explain the Impact This Change Has Made on Our Lives and Why It Is an Important Change.163893 Words   |  656 PagesOther migrants were the traders and shopkeepers who moved and exchanged these resources and manufactured goods across the world. This growing web of mass production and markets shaped the likelihood and direction of migration in many forms. Labor demands and low frontier populations produced both higher wages and increased opportunities for employment and trade. At the same time, increased commercialization impacted rural relations around the world, creating both the need and the opportunities to

Agency Theory And The Separation Of Ownership Between...

Agency Theory describes the incentives problems between agents and in a business and the business principals and the separation of ownership between suppliers of capital within a firm (Morris,1987). Agency theory is also concerned with undertaking problems that can exist in the agency relationships due to irregular goals, different aversion levels of risk and decision making with control functions in the firm (Morris, 1987). Agency Theory demonstrates that the precipitate will incur agency cost, which then has an incentive to reduce. The cost of agency is, to decline in a firm’s value when the shareholder managers when pursuing the shareholder interest, particularly when the managers act incompetently or they do not have a to choose a project, making a profit to the shareholders, lastly the cost of monitoring and bonding managers so in the end they share an interest with the shareholders (Morris, 1987). Agency theory is the separation of ownership and the resources thatâ€℠¢s being controlled to explain the accounting choices within firms. Enron, was the world’s largest energy company in 2001. Enron forerunner, Northern Gas Company was incorporated in Delaware on April 25, 1930. From this date through July 1985, Enron had hundreds of purchases and new sub-entity constructions when they acquired Houston Natural Gas Inc. (Kastantin, 2005). On April 10, 1986, the company changed its name to Enron Corporation. Enron was an interstate and intrastate natural gas pipeline company,Show MoreRelatedCompeting Models Of Corporate Governance1398 Words   |  6 Pagesthe stakeholder model of corporate governance, firms owned and controlled by small number of major shareholders. This model of corporate governance often called as the relationship based method due to the close relationship maintained between companies and their major shareholders. This close relationship, little separation of ownership and control minimises the agency problem. However, as a re sult of the minimum separation of ownership and control, firms would experience misuse of power by dominantRead MoreFinancial Managers Need Only Concentrate on Meeting the Needs of Shareholders - No Other Group Matters1856 Words   |  8 PagesRatios: Profitability 6-8 Liquidity 8-9 Investment 9-10 Conclusion 10 Bibliography 11 Appendix 1 12 A shareholder is someone that legally owns one or more share of stock in a company. The objective of the firm is to maximize shareholder value by increasing the value of the company’s stock. Although other potentials exist, such as survival, maximizing market share, maximizing profits and so on, these are co-insistent with maximizing shareholder value. TheRead MoreThe Effects of Ownership Structure, Board Effectiveness and Managerial Discretion on Performance of Listed Companies in Kenya27922 Words   |  112 PagesTHE EFFECTS OF OWNERSHIP STRUCTURE, BOARD EFFECTIVENESS AND MANAGERIAL DISCRETION ON PERFORMANCE OF LISTED COMPANIES IN KENYA ONGORE, VINCENT OKOTH Thesis submitted in fulfillment of the requirements for the award of the degree of Doctor of Philosophy (Ph D) in Business Administration, School of Business, University of Nairobi, Kenya. 2008. DECLARATION I declare that this thesis is my original work and, to the best of my knowledge, has not been submitted to any university for a degreeRead MoreThe Difference Between Management Governance2146 Words   |  9 PagesThe difference between Management and Governance: Analysis in the context of Small and Medium Enterprises –SMEs.    By Callixte NYILINDEKWE    I. Introduction: Traditionally, corporate governance has evolved around the contract theory and agency problem based on separation of ownership and management (Dube, 2011). The benefits of this separation derive from the monitoring by the board of the CEO activity in the interest of shareholders, and generally in the interest of all stakeholdersRead MoreAgency Theory Essay 329591 Words   |  119 Pages1 The Fundamental Agency Problem and Its Mitigation: Independence, Equity, and the Market for Corporate Control DAN R. DALTON Kelley School of Business, Indiana University MICHAELA. HITT Mays College of Business, Texas AM University S. TREVIS CERTO Mays College of Business, Texas AM University CATHERINE M. 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Social responsibility 5. Philantrophy 6. Financial performance 7. Berry Bros amp; Rudd limited 8. Conclusion Introduction This report is intended to provide the reader with a discussion of the core areas of interest in terms of assessing a family companies performance. WeRead MoreEffect of Corporate Governance on Financial Performance14210 Words   |  57 Pagessummary†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦. †¦12 2.0 CHAPTER TWO: LITERATURE REVIEW†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦ 13 2.1 Introduction..†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦....13 2.2 theoretical framework†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦..13 2.3 Good corporate governance and operating costs†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.†¦18 2.4 Correlation between good corporate governance and performance ratios†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦...20 2.5 Chapter summary†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦ 24 3.0 CHAPTER THREE: RESEARCH METHODOLGY†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦...†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦25 3.1 Introduction †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦ 25 3.2 Research design†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦25Read MoreCase Study Analysis of Royal Ahold Scandal7067 Words   |  29 Pagesinternational communities. 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They refer to the firm’s decision to commit current funds to the purchase of fixed assets in expectation of future cash inflows from these projects. Investment proposals

Krueler Interview Free Essays

The first Boer war was from 1880-1881 when the Boers fought England in order to recover their independence they had given up to obtain British help against the Zulus. The second was from 1899-1902 when the Orange Free State and Transvaal declared war on Britain. Pieter Krueler was one of the toughest and bravest soldiers during the war. We will write a custom essay sample on Krueler Interview or any similar topic only for you Order Now He was interviewed and revealed the real setting of the war in his own experience which makes the critics point out and reviewed the dilemmas more clear to the minds of the people. The war started between the differences of some learned diplomats and roughhewn nesters and successful millionaires battling for gold and power to rule (Bartleby). Opinions of anti-British, when the discovery of gold in Witwatersrand, many miners or prospectors are interested to get hold of the land. Â  The Boer’s called them threat to their state. After sometime, all mines are transferred to the British’s custody. The Boer government protected the people so they charged big taxes from Uitlanders, also known as the foreigners even though British don’t really agree to that. The Orange Free State which was the independent Boer state in South Africa formed military troops to protect their independence (Bartleby). The Boer’s protest with regards to their rights was denied. The Boer declared war. Krueler was among those soldiers who fought for the Boers. Since the Boers are highly furnished with more weapons than the British, they had gone victories over the British adjacent to Boer’s territories. The Boers are kind hearted. They treated their prisoners well enough. They even fetched water for them to drink and even get blankets for the prisoners to rest. In the Cape Colony, there were many Boers captured because the British sent well trained reinforcements that lead them to victory. Cronje who was Boer’s leader forced to surrender. It was soon the British totally occupied the Transvaal territory. Roberts, who was the leader of British who led them to victory left the place because of his perception, the war was ended. Unfortunately, it wasn’t over yet and the Boers continue their coordination that lead to Guerilla war. They cut off the communications; attacked military post stations and some captured Boer were escaped by their help (Moritz). The Boers are fighting for their land which many foreigners are eager to find ways of colonizing the land. They are fighting for their independence which many foreigners are taking them away. They are great and brave people fighting for freedom, but they were only few of them. The British were certain enough that they can defend themselves from the Boers; they decided to totally finish the war under the ruling of Kitchener (Weber). The British recognized the kindness of the Boers to their families and their fellowmen; they captured the Boer’s women and children. Kitchener commanded his men to demolish the livestock and crops, farms were being burned, and captured women and children into. More women especially the children got sick and there were thousands died during that captured (Weber). Imperialism during the 20th century was very rude. It’s a regretful to those who did bad things to other people. The saddest part of it was that, the British were conquering the land that was not intended for them and hurting the people who own the land. The behavior of one’s nation because of power to control one’s land is very drastic. Kitchener’s plan of using the defenseless women and children as part of the war is to win the war, but not directly to fight with the Boer’s armies (Weber). When the Boer’s troops are diminishing rapidly and that ended the war. The Boer’s government accepted the leadership of the British in the condition that the British must apply a good government concerning the people in the future. However, the war gave the Boers so much resentment which continuous to affect the political life of the people throughout the 20th century (Bartleby). According to Krueler’s interview, the women and children including the four thousand prisoners gave a safe passageway by the British when they surrendered for the sake of the children and women. Moreover, the British treated him not as prisoner because he presumed of being a kid. With regards to the interview Krueler, the British had a conscience to speak for themselves for giving safe passageways for those who survived during the war. All they want was to get hold of the land. During the 1899 up to 1902 has become debatable. The holocaust happened in the camps is against the international law. This violates the human rights of the people. Women and children should not treat badly because they are weak and defenseless (Moritz). Anti-British claimed justice to all people who were badly injured and died during the war because of the barbaric acts of the British. The sympathy is with the Boers who only want their own land to live, but because they are few men to fight compared with their intruders, their land was totally occupied and ruled by the British (Weber). The war was proved to be the costliest, bloodiest and longest. Furthermore, it was said to be humiliating war from the British because of the longest time to defeat the Boers knowing that they were only few men fighting against them. In addition to, they were not fighting against the armies of the Boers, but they were fighting against the weak people of the Boers (Weber). Not only had the British militaries committed crimes, but also the leaders who gave commands. It is a crime against humanity, crime that no one was punished, crime that Kitchener should pay for. Unfortunately, when Kitchener died, he was remembered because of his virtue instead of a criminal (Weber). The British leaders’ imperialistic acts and hunger for diamonds and gold brought big and unforgivable damage to the people and land of Boer. The British were already powerful and wealthy during that time. They forgot about the thousands of lives perished for their greediness (Weber). Krueler’s interview about the First World War seems to be more similar intentions of the German people of acquiring the land in which the British occupied during that time. He was used by the German leaders to fight for them for colonial reasons. Some European countries are aiming to win the land of gold and diamonds for the purpose of continuous power and wealth. During the European wars, there are millions of civilians and militaries died aiming for one land which was not really fair for the civilians and most especially to those who owns the land. Bibliography The Columbia Encyclopedia 6th Edition. Bartleby. Dec 2007. http://www.bartleby.com/65/st/SthAfrW.html Moritz, Garett. About. 1998. Weber, Mark. IHR. May 1999. http://www.ihr.org/jhr/v18/v18n3p14_Weber.html How to cite Krueler Interview, Essay examples

Trends in Global Business Samples for Students †MyAssignmenthelp.com

Question: Discuss about the Trends in Global Business. Answer: Introduction The topic of the following assignment deals with the various changes that are taking place in the global business practice. The recent trends that have taken over in the past few years, has definitely changed the scenario from what it was looked at even few years back. Many new ideas have come into place by replacing the old ones. The 21st century real organizations have taken up some new strategies that will probably look forward to bring some positive impacts in the global trends in business. The global business is not limited within the boundaries of one single country and it involves many countries and their employees as a whole. In this assignment, the article Work Spaces that Move People has been chosen, published in the Harvard Book Review 2016 and some key factors or changes have to be identified from the article to have a brief idea about the changes in the new trends and its effect on the society. Brief Summary of the Article While trying to establish an understanding of the article, it is very important to make a brief summary of the same. The real organizations in the recent era have gone through some changes and these have proved to be very impactful on the future prospects of the organizations. Some recent examples have been provided in the article to show how the organizations are adapting to these changes. The most striking changes include the bigger working spacers in the organizations, the use of the digital devices, some ideas like hot-desking and many others. In this scenario of the modern era, the communication system has to be very fast so that the organizations can contact their clients very fast and discuss various matters with them (Arnon et al. 2012). Many sectors like the software companies, finance, pharmaceuticals and hospitals all have been able to adopt these changes. These changes have helped to increase their profits in the business and they have been able to spread their business a ll over the world. The global business has to focus on various aspects and cross culture is one of them. Organizations have to think about these aspects and fix their strategies accordingly. These things help to increase the reputation of the organizations (Carroll 2015). Identifying the key questions The assignment looks to find answers to the four key questions that have been found after an extensive and thorough reading of the article. A mini literature review has to be made to understand the impacts of the four key factors on the society at large. The scenario which has been in focus of this study is the recent changes in the workplaces or the organizations that have been a very common practice. Bigger workspaces in the organizations and its implications on the business environments are going to be discussed here. The four key questions that have been identified here are- Use of Digital Communication in Offices Co-working as a part of the organizations Importance of open spaces in organizations Interaction between people to increase communication Literature review A mini literature review of this article has to be provided in trying to solve the above mentioned questions. Use of Digital Communication in Offices Digital disruption has become a part and parcel of the daily lives of the 21st century people (McQuivey 2013). All types of digital devices like computers, laptops, smart phones and other useful devices have been very common to all types of people in this world. This is one of the most common phenomenon in the world nowadays. The use of telephones in the offices or other workplaces was very common in the earlier days but in the present times, it is considered as an outdated idea. The use of digital communication systems has become a widely used method in all types of organizations and agencies like accounting firms to medical clinics and hospitals, from information technology firms to real estates and many others. The best part of using digital disruption or digital communication system is to make faster communication and the time taken for that is minimal (Lee and Messerschmitt 2012). The office structure of the olden days and the present days is quite different. It is notable that the olden day offices comprised of small cubicles for every employee and the open area was very small there. In these cubicles, telephones were kept for the employees by which they used to communicate. The use of laptops and other electronic devices was not so much in use. Nowadays, the people can connect with each other in a shorter period of time and more number of works can be completed within a lesser time. Compared to olden days, the important data is stored in the hard disks in the digital devices and that stays forever if not destroyed intentionally. Co-working as a part of the organizations The 21st century business environment has gone through a radical change in terms of co-working in the organizations (Hargroves and Smith 2013). Co-working between employees suggests that some of the employees in an organization will team up together and they will take part in the business ventures jointly to earn positive feedback for the company. This habit of working together can create a good amount of understanding between the employees and can make them good team members. The mutual understanding and support between them will grow and they will be able to do the works efficiently. It is very obvious all the people do not have same kind of talent or specialization. Different kinds of specialization and special abilities of the employees will help to gather different ideas at the same place. This will help to establish a fair view about a topic and everyone can contribute their ideas. This will culminate into the best outcome that can be possible. The working environment in this k ind of offices is very healthy and light (Hasle et al. 2012). The employees can share their views and opinions. They also share a healthy understanding between themselves and it puts away chances of any misunderstanding between the employees. In this way, the performance graph of the organization will go upwards that will reflect in the organizations production report (Caliendo and Rossi-Hansberg 2012). The idea of one employee, one desk can be kept aside because it costs a lot of money to make personalized cubicles for each employee. The employees can sit in a place together and discuss the working matters. Importance of Open spaces in the Organizations The open space in the real world organizations is very important nowadays (Haug 2013). This idea of providing more open spaces has to be implemented for different reasons. In the earlier times, the supervisors or the managers had to go to the desks of each employee and convey any important message to them but in the recent times, they can sit in open spaces where they can communicate with each other very easily. This invention of open spaces in the offices saves a lot of money that caters to more CSR activities of the company (Essen 2013). Thus the company can save some money from their expenditure and invest that to help the society. This will help them to increase their reputation. The managers and supervisors can address the employees by sitting in a single space and they do not have to roam about in different rooms the whole day. The team leaders can control their teams and this would enhance their leadership skills. Interaction between people to increase communication In the modern global village, people have found every destination to be reachable and they consider no place to be far enough with the blessing of digital communication and devices (Lule 2012). Most MNCs are spreading their business throughout the world so that they can profit from all the spheres. The target markets and the target segmentations are no more confined within the global markets only but their range of business market has become global. The use of different social media like Facebook, Linkedin, Instagram has increased communication between the people of different countries (Treadaway and Smith 2012). The big business maestros nowadays communicate with job seekers and advise them on different areas. These things use to motivate the people and they work even better. The impact of social media marketing and social media strategies has been very effective on the people (Tuten and Solomon 2014). These social media often help to take up different popular strategies that yield good results and positive turnover for the companies. Conclusion In the concluding part, it can be said that a brief but detailed overview has been provided about the recent trends in business environment. These trends have helped the business organizations attain a sustainable growth throughout the year. It also helps to create a reputable brand image for the organizations and their owners. The implications of different strategies have catered to the development of the business and its spreading in the global arena. Bibliography Arnon, S., Barry, J., Karagiannidis, G., Schober, R. and Uysal, M. eds., 2012.Advanced optical wireless communication systems. Cambridge university press. Caliendo, L. and Rossi-Hansberg, E., 2012. The impact of trade on organization and productivity.The quarterly journal of economics,127(3), pp.1393-1467. Carroll, C.E., 2015.The handbook of communication and corporate reputation(Vol. 49). John Wiley Sons. Esen, E., 2013. The influence of corporate social responsibility (CSR) activities on building corporate reputation. InInternational business, sustainability and corporate social responsibility(pp. 133-150). Emerald Group Publishing Limited. Hargroves, K. and Smith, M.H., 2013.The natural advantage of nations: business opportunities, innovation and governance in the 21st century. Earthscan. Hasle, P., Bojesen, A., Langaa Jensen, P. and Bramming, P., 2012. Lean and the working environment: a review of the literature.International Journal of Operations Production Management,32(7), pp.829-849. Haug, C., 2013. Organizing spaces: Meeting arenas as a social movement infrastructure between organization, network, and institution.Organization Studies,34(5-6), pp.705-732. Lee, E.A. and Messerschmitt, D.G., 2012.Digital communication. Springer Science Business Media. Lule, J., 2012.Globalization and media: Global village of Babel. Rowman Littlefield. McQuivey, J., 2013. Digital disruption: Unleashing the next wave of innovation. Treadaway, C. and Smith, M., 2012.Facebook marketing: An hour a day. John Wiley Sons. Tuten, T.L. and Solomon, M.R., 2014.Social media marketing. Sage.

The Code of Silence free essay sample

The code of silence within minority communities contributes to more violence and crime.The code of silence runs so deep that many blacks, who snitch, morally struggle with their decisions. No-snitching culture is engrained into our everyday life in these communities through music, television, and personal relationships. Not snitching on criminals and a violent act can lead into injustice for the victims and unsafe environment. The code of silence can and will affect individuals, families, and communities if it doesn’t be broken. Crime and violence will never seem to cease if they won’t break the code of silence because the violators will not be rightfully serve. When we are silent, as opposed to assisting with arresting the criminals, it perpetuates the situation. They are not caught, and feel invincible, which allows them to rein terror in our communities!! The earliest experience with injustice I have had was the murder Of Terrell Banks, a family member of mines. We will write a custom essay sample on The Code of Silence or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page The injustice comes in the fact that his murder has gone unsolved for two years, due to the fact that witnesses have refused to come forward because of the ‘no snitching,’ ‘in the hood. The code of silence enables people to commit crimes with no regard of getting caught. The case is more solid with a witness, therefore the State will ask for more time. There is less of a chance of a plea if caught when the State has a solid witness. In a society with lack of morals as we live, the best deterrent to crime is the removal of freedom. If an offender feels they can get away with minimum time, they are more likely to commit that crime. The code of silence works not out of fear, but because of lack of trust in the police. First, some community members fear that the police cannot protect them from retaliation; second, some believe a blue wall of silence exists in police departments, and that it is hypocritical to ask citizens to snitch on each other when officers will not do the same. there were is routine to relocate witnesses, but is not option because victims or witnesses have extended families they do not wish to leave behind because they become targets of retaliation. If the governing officials straighten out the system and build trust and the code will disappear. Individuals’ personal safety is a stake and when it’s public known that you have snitch, that’s when you are ridicule and have the fear of being hurt. In conclusion, the code of silence within minority communities contributes to more violence and crime. The code of silence can and will affect individuals, families, and  communities if it doesn’t be broken. Crime and violence will never seem to cease if they won’t break the code of silence because the violators will not be rightfully serve.

Essay Topics For O Level - Writing an Essay For O Level

Essay Topics For O Level - Writing an Essay For O LevelWriting an Urdu essay is like a recipe and the ingredients required for the perfect dish are extremely varied. You may have to use the resources provided by your school or college depending on your particular syllabus, but the important ingredients have to be the same - Urdu language, Urdu culture, history, literature, and literary works - and just the right amount of them! The following Urdu essay topics for O level will help you in your quest for being able to write a good Urdu essay.To begin with, you should try to relate the concepts in your essay to any aspect of Urdu. You need to have a few basic terms in your vocabulary so that you will not only be able to make sense of the written material but also be able to translate it for your readers. You can do this by means of verbs, nouns, adjectives, adverbs, and prepositions. There are a few basic words that you can start with, and you can expand on them to form your own vocabul ary.Most people would be surprised to know that the Urdu language has a number of slang words that you will have to learn before they will allow you to use them. Words like 'dog' (drat), 'doer' (data), 'house' (khaamaar), 'apple' (ajroob) and 'saraf' (sarge) are very common in the Urdu language. These are just a few examples. You need to start off by learning them and then mix them with words that you have learned from other languages such as English or Spanish. This will help you get used to using the words you are learning and save you the trouble of learning lots of new ones.The most important Urdu essay topic for O level is to be able to make sense of the topics in your essay. As a result, you should know the most common Urdu terms and their definitions. If you do not, you will find yourself having difficulty in explaining what you are trying to say to your readers. It would be ideal if you are able to use simple Urdu words and at least one of its common meanings. For example, i t is very common to use a word like 'tak' to mean 'let'. In order to write a very convincing essay, you need to use the word 'tak' without a single pause.The next topic for Urdu essay topics for O level is to be able to introduce the main ideas and themes of your essay. In general, the Urdu essay topics for O level starts with a historical viewpoint. You should start by drawing on some of the biggest and most important events in Urdu history. They may include the revolution, the Khalifa's new constitution, the transition from the monarchy to the Republic, or the partition of India.The most interesting part of this chapter would be to cover your own story. What was your most important achievement? Where did you learn it? What makes you stand out from the crowd? How do you make that success even more special? These are some of the things you can use to make the most out of your personal story.These are the essential Urdu essay topics for O level and are definitely the most important. However, in case you feel you are lacking in creativity, you can always come up with other essay topics.

Comparison of Elenor of Aquitaine, Queen Elizabeth I, and Catherine the Great Essay Example

Comparison of Elenor of Aquitaine, Queen Elizabeth I, and Catherine the Great Essay Example Comparison of Elenor of Aquitaine, Queen Elizabeth I, and Catherine the Great Essay Comparison of Elenor of Aquitaine, Queen Elizabeth I, and Catherine the Great Essay Eleanor of Aquitaine was one of the most influential women in the history of Europe, having been a queen to rulers of both France and England, along with having significant political and economic power in her own right. She served as an example to all women, during a period where there was increasing development in the female s role in society. Eleanor was a patron of the arts, and she was also a powerful personality, influencing the politics of the day with the help of her sons, and maintaining a certain degree of control over the monarchy even after her marriage to Henry had ended. Eleanor was born in 1122 to Duke William X of Aquitaine. The holdings of her father were equal to those of the French royalty, making him one of the most influential and important men in the region. She inherited her father s wealth and influence upon his death, and later that year was wed to Louis VII of France. He became King of France a month later, and as his queen, she proved to be a talented advisor. Eleanor accompanied him during the Second Crusade, organizing his policy and advising his political choices. It was during the Crusades that their marriage ended, and despite having produced two daughters, it was annulled by Louis in 1152. His reasoning was that of Blood relationship, but the reality was of course that of jealousy and suspicion. Eleanor was rumored to be having an intimate affair with a cousin, but whether that was true or not is unknown. What is known is that soon after the end of her marriage to Louis of France, Eleanor became independently wealthy and powerful again. Several months later she married Henry II of England, positioning herself into an even greater position of power in Europe. When Henry was crowned King Of England in 1154, Eleanor became the ruler of England, Normandy and thanks to Henry s holdings and holdings of her own, much of France. It was during this period that she mothered eight children with Henry, including the future Kings Richard the Lionhearted and John. During her reign she was a great patron of the arts, sponsoring troubadours and court poetry. She enjoyed work depicting courtly love, although others thought it to be pornographic and detrimental to the morals of England. Her court was said to be lively and exciting, and the work commissioned in her honor added to the literature of the day. She also was very active in the court during Henry s absence, advising many aspects of government as well as being the driving force in rescuing Richard when he was kidnapped. Eleanor s relationship with Henry began to collapse, partially because of his frequent adultery, and partially because he was cruel. Eleanor joined again with Louis VII in 1173 to influence her sons in a revolt against Henry. She assisted them both politically and through military channels. This caused Henry to capture and imprison her during the last years of his life. He was chiefly concerned that she not be allowed to make more of the same political trouble, therefore she was kept under house arrest from 1174 to 1189. Eleanor died in 1204. During her lifetime she wed and advised two Kings, even to some degree ruling in their absence. In advising both husbands she influenced military choices during war, even to the point of accompanying her husband to the Holy Land as he fought in the Crusades. Through the work sponsored by her court, she influenced the art and literature of Europe, which thus affected the social climate of the day. She served as an example of a strong leader to the men and especially the women of Europe, proving that a woman could be a capable, powerful ruler. Queen Elizabeth I reigned from 1558 to 1602. She was born on September 7, 1533 in Greenwich Palace, London. At the age of 25, Elizabeth became Queen. In a matter of months she had won the hearts of the people and she returned that love. Her great skills made people forget the fact that she was a woman. They saw her as a strong and effective leader who brought great changes for the better of all her people. Men were usually thought of as the smart, intelligent sex but Queen Elizabeth proved them wrong. Queen Elizabeth changed the way we now look at woman leaders. As a leader, Elizabeth had strengths in many different areas. Her good education and memory helped as she ruled her country. During her reign, the arts flourished. Even Shakespeares plays were aimed at glorifying the marvoulous Queen. It showed what great strengths she had. It was a great honor, for Shakespeare was very talented in the arts. When she was little, she was taught to speak in different laungages. This helped her talk to Ambassadors and other important people. This strengh not only helped her talk to important people, but helped with trade issues. This was also the golden age of trade. Many merchant trips were made, bringing back wonderful things from all different places. Society as a whole became more stable as a result of Elizabeths wonderful skills. Elizabeth I was very well educated in many areas including religion. When she was a little girl, she often studied the Bible. Therefore, she understood theological issues more thoroughly. During this time, because of conficts, it was urgent for religious questions to be answered. After Mary, the previous queen died, the question of allowing the Catholic religon to remain became a major issue. Many people thought that civil war would break out over this dispute. However, with Queen Elizabeth on the thone civil war was not likely, nor would any religion be dominant. Elizabeth solved this conflict by allowing for both a Protestant and Catholic churh. This was a solution that everyone could live with. This Elizabethan Settlement lasts to this day. Only a great leader could think of something so effective. Her idea has lasted for centuries. Not only was Elizabeth a great leader when it came to religion but her military accomplishments were also overwhelming. During this time, Englands main concern was to limit Spains power. So Spain and England went to war. England fought against the Spanish Armada. Sir Francis Drake led the English Fleet to a great victory. When the fight was over, only half the Spanish Armada returned, whereas every single English ship returned to England. This defeat was one of the greatest ever for England. Before this, Elizabeth had kept England out of war for 27 years. For more than three centurys, Englands ships ruled the water. After the war, Elizabeth made a friendship with Spain. Elizabeth also made many treaties with surrounding countries. England became the foremost power in Europe. Even Englands enemies loved Elizabeth. This woman changed the balance of power in Europe during her reign. Elizabeth proved to be a successful and a well accomplished leader who advanced her country socially, militarily, religiously and economically. She thought of herself as Mother of England and she most certainly proved this to be true. No English woman ruler accomplished as much as Elizabeth did. Elizabeth was one of the most able rulers to ever govern England. Because of her, the way woman rulers were thought of changed forever. Catherine The Great Catherine II, or Catherine the Great, empress of Russia 1762-96 , did much to transform Russia into a modern country. Originally named Sophie Fredericke Augusta, she was born in Szczecin, Poland, on May 2, 1729. She was the daughter of the German prince of Anhalt-Zerbst. At the age of 15 she went to Russia to become the wife of Peter, who is a nephew and a heir of Empress Elizabeth. Elizabeth died on Dec. 25, 1761, and Catherines husband succeeded as Peter III. The new ruler soon made himself unpopular, especially with his army officers. Led by Aleksei Orlov, the officers plan a revolt in June 1762. Peter was deposed and also murdered, and Catherine became the absolute ruler of Russia. Catherine was not only an Empress with ambitions, she was a powerful and a smart Empress. She knew whom to use for a specific job and they respected her for those reasons. Filled with brilliant ideas, Catherine aimed at completing the job started by Peter I, westernizing Russia. However, she was planning on using different methods from Peter the Great. Unlike Peter, she did not force her citizens to be westernized, but she gave more options to them and encouraged them to pursue their own interest. It was successful to most of the noble families, but it took no effect on the huge population of serfs. To learn more about the needs of the country, she held assemblies, but didn t really help her that much. In 1773, Yemelian Pugachev led Cossacks, peasants, and others to a revolt that engulfed large chunks of eastern Russia. The revolt, ruthlessly crushed by the army in 1775, warned Catherine about the necessity for reforms. In 1775, she reorganized the local administration, combined the Cossacks with the regular army, and put the serfs belonging to the Russian Orthodox Church under the administration of the state. In 1785, she issued two charters, to the towns and to the nobility, to try to mix the educated class with the uneducated. In a similar spirit, Catherine established the Free Economic Society that encouraged development of agriculture and industry in 1765. She promoted trade and the development of under-populated regions by inviting foreign settlers such as the Volga Germans, and she founded new towns such as Odessa, and enterprises on the Black Sea. Being a writer herself, Catherine frequently encouraged arts and letters, and permitted the establishment of private printing presses, and made the censorship rules not as strict. Under her guidance, the University of Moscow and the Academy of Science became internationally recognized as centers of learning. She also increased the number of state and private schools. As a result, the Russian nobility and some townspeople also began to organize associations for the promotion of schools and publications. Catherine, who did not want to give up her control over social and cultural policy, viewed these activities with suspicion. Finally, Catherine vastly expanded the Russian Empire. Following two successful wars against Turkey the Russo-Turkish Wars of 1768-74 and 1787-92 , Russia secured the Crimea establishing itself on the north shore of the Black Sea which used to be a dream. The fertile lands of the Ukraine were also opened for settlement and soon became the granary of Europe. Catherine also participated in the partitions of Poland 1772, 1792, and 1795 , bringing a large part of that country under Russian rule. By the time of Catherines death in Nov. 17, 1796, modern Russian society was organized and its culture had stablized. (Eleanor) She achieved so many things in her time that it was unheard of for a woman to do in her time. Having been Queen of two countries during her life she contributed a lot to keeping the peace and establishing fair rule in both of her countries. Also Eleanor was one of the first women to speak out for women s rights and take action for fairer treatment for women. Eleanor of Aquitaine will always be remembered as one of the great women in history. (Elizabeth) She brought effective government to the people through parliament. She opened the opportunity for trade as well as the opportunity to gain wealth. Queen Elizabeth I also set the precedent that all nations are not as powerful as they may appear by defeating the Spanish Armada. This enabled other smaller countries to set sail in the seas to gain wealth and explore new territory. Comparing Hatshepsut, Theodora, Eleanor of Aquitaine, and Elizabeth I of England shows that the status of women differed according to time and place from ancient civilizations through about 1700. Strong women sometimes ruled directly and were highly accepted in that role. However, such women were not accepted in other times and places. Moreover, at least two of these four women suggest that strong women could be most successful not by ruling directly but by influencing husbands or sons who were the official rulers. Although all of these women were queens or empresses, they came into these positions by very different routes. Unlike the others, who were all born as royalty, Theodora was born a commoner – in fact, was the daughter of a circus performer, which was considered low status within Roman society. Like all but Elizabeth, Theodora reached her position through marriage to the king or emperor. Eleanor was unlike the others in that she was queen of two different countries through marriages, the first of which ended in divorce. Elizabeth was unlike all the others in that she directly inherited the throne and ruled without ever marrying – an unusual situation in an era when kings were expected to be rulers.

Long and Short Vowel Sounds

Long and Short Vowel Sounds Vowels and consonants are two types of letters in the English alphabet. A vowel sound is created when air flows smoothly, without interruption, through the throat and mouth. Different vowel  sounds are produced as a speaker changes the shape and placement of articulators (parts of the throat and mouth). In contrast, consonant sounds happen when the flow of air is obstructed or interrupted. If this sounds confusing, try making the â€Å"p† sound and the â€Å"k† sound. You will notice that in creating the sound you have manipulated your mouth and tongue to briefly interrupt airflow from your throat. Consonant sounds have a distinct beginning and end, while vowel sounds flow. The pronunciation of each vowel is determined by the position of the vowel in a syllable, and by the letters that follow it. Vowel sounds can be short, long, or silent. Short Vowels If a word contains only one vowel, and that vowel appears in the middle of the word, the vowel is usually pronounced as a short vowel. This is especially true if the word is very short. Examples of short vowels in one-syllable words include the following: AtBatMatBetWetLedRedHitFixRobLotCupBut This rule can also apply to one-syllable words that are a bit longer: RantChantSleptFledChipStripFlopChug When a short word with one vowel ends in s, l, or f, the end consonant is doubled, as in: BillSellMissPassJiffCuff If there are two vowels in a word, but the first vowel is followed by a double consonant, the vowels sound is short, such as: MatterCannonRibbonWobbleBunny If there are two vowels in a word and the vowels are separated by two or more letters, the first vowels is usually short, for example: LanternBasketTicketBucket Long Vowels The long vowel sound is the same as the name of the vowel itself. Follow these rules: Long A sound is AY as in cake.Long E sound is EE an in sheet.Long I sound is AHY as in like.Long O sound is OH as in bone.Long U sound is YOO as in human or OO as in crude. Long vowel sounds are often created when two vowels appear side by side in a syllable. When vowels work as a team to make a long vowel sound, the second vowel is silent. Examples are: RainSeizeBoatToadHeap A double â€Å"e† also makes the long vowel sound: KeepFeelMeek The vowel â€Å"i† often makes a long sound in a one-syllable word if the vowel is followed by two consonants: BlightHighMindWildPint This rule does not apply when the â€Å"i† is followed by the consonants th, ch, or sh, as in: FishWishRichWith A long vowel sound is created when a vowel is followed by a consonant and a silent â€Å"e† in a syllable, as in: StripeStakeConcedeBiteSizeRodeCute The long â€Å"u† sound can sound like yoo or oo, such as: CuteFluteLutePruneFumePerfume Most often, the letter â€Å"o† will be pronounced as a long vowel sound when it appears in a one-syllable word and is followed by two consonants, as in these examples: MostPostRollFoldSold A few exceptions occur when the â€Å"o† appears in a single syllable word that ends in th or sh: PoshGoshMoth Weird Vowel Sounds Sometimes, combinations of vowels and consonants (like Y and W) create unique sounds. The letters oi can make an OY sound when they appear in the middle of a syllable: BoilCoinOink The same sound is made with the letters â€Å"oy† when they appear at the end of a syllable: AhoyBoyAnnoySoy Similarly, the letters â€Å"ou† make a distinct sound when they appear in the middle of a syllable: CouchRoutPoutAboutAloud The same sound can be made by the letters ow when they appear at the end of a syllable: AllowPlowEndow The long â€Å"o† sound is also created by the letters â€Å"ow† when they appear at the end of a syllable: RowBlowSlowBelow The letters ay make the long â€Å"a† sound: StayPlayQuay The letter Y can make a long â€Å"i† sound if it appears at the end of a one-syllable word: ShyPlyTryFly The letters ie can make a long â€Å"e† sound (except after c): BeliefThiefFiend The letters ei can make the long â€Å"e† sound when they follow a â€Å"c†: ReceiveDeceiveReceipt The letter â€Å"y† can make a long e sound if it appears at the end of a word and it follows one or more consonants: BonyHolyRosySassyFieryToastyMostly

Amenorrhea Case Study Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Amenorrhea - Case Study Example According to the paper, tumors on the pituitary gland, low estrogen levels, high testosterone levels, and overactive thyroid glands cause hormonal imbalances. Testosterone contributes in the growth and development of reproductive tissues in women and excessive supply of it has been associated with irregular or absence of menstrual periods. Hormonal birth control can contribute to secondary amenorrhea. Drugs and medical treatments such as chemotherapy and antipsychotic drugs can also induce secondary amenorrhea. Polycystic ovary syndrome is associated with weight changes that are an important lifestyle factor in secondary amenorrhea. Overweight and body fat that is less than fifteen percent are some of the things that can stop menstrual periods. The National Institute of Health (NIH) records that extreme diet has causal links with secondary amenorrhea. Emotional stress is a non-physical element that can cause secondary amenorrhea. Derailed menstrual cycle is one of the ways that the b ody uses to respond to extreme stress. Mild hypothyroidism is one of the conditions that could precede presentation of dysmenorrhea and irregular menstrual cycles. However, mild hypothyroidism is associated with hypermenorrhea and oligomenorrhea more than with amenorrhea. Treating hypothyroidism restores menses but it may take months. Cushing’s disease is the hyperactivity of adrenal glands and can combine with hypothyroidism to cause amenorrhea. Outflow tract obstruction, hyperandrogenic chronic, anovulation are some of the conditions in a patient’s history that can be helpful in the diagnosis and treatment of dysmenorrheal. Asherman’s syndrome is a common cause of outflow obstruction in secondary dysmenorrhea. This syndrome is a scarring and an intrauterine synechiae that results from curettage or infection.  

Medication Errors, Safety, Prevention and Reporting Essay

Medication Errors, Safety, Prevention and Reporting - Essay Example Medication errors that can lead to harmful effects on the patients can be prevented if nurses take the proper responsibilities of safety and reporting. Medication errors, particularly related to nursing, are defined as the errors that might lead to improper use of medication, causing harm to the patients, when the patient is in charge of some healthcare professional or nurses (Medication Errors, 2013). Medication Errors, Safety, Prevention, and Reporting:While medication errors may occur at any place, it has been found that the errors most commonly occur even when patients are in charge of any doctor, in nursing homes, under the case of nurses. It is highly essential and recommended to consult doctors before taking any medication in order to avoid harmful effects or injuries resultant from wrong medications. An example of medication error is intake of a prescription painkiller along with a non-prescription painkiller. In such cases, the dosage exceed the limit that should be taken an d thus cause damage to the livers. Thus safety measures need to be taken in order to avoid such errors in medication. Having a proper communication between the doctor and the nurses is one of the safest ways to clearly understand which drug is being provided to the patients (Medication Errors and Safety, 2010).It has been obtained that such medication errors can be prevented if certain cautious measures are considered. In many cases, the doctor may prescribe a wrong medicine, or the pharmacist may provide with a wrong drug. In such cases the nurses take the role to catch the wrong being taking place and protect the patients from the wrong treatments. However, when nurses make such mistakes themselves, they might have to pay for their mistakes. It can be considered that nurses being humans, mistakes might occur by them as well. Thus it is necessary to take certain steps that can at least minimize such mistakes, particularly when the lives of patients are at cost. For this purpose, th ere are certain rights of medication administration that if followed by the nurses can prevent such errors (Lampert, 2012). These rights include checking with two identifiers to ensure that the right medication is being provided to the intended patients. The names and the dates of birth of the patients should be checked in such cases along with checking the history of the patient. Checking the medication is another step that ensures that the intended medication is only provided and has not been mistaken with any other drug. The nurses should also check the appropriateness of the medication, and also the correctness of the amounts of the medications being offered to the patients (Lampert, 2012). These are some of the medication administration rights that need to be followed effectively by nurses in order to avoid medication errors. Some of the other preventive measures that can avoid medication

Alienation Essay -- essays research papers

Love is one of the most liberating connections two people can hold between each other when it is authentic and sincere. Many find completion and satisfaction when they find this ideal, true love in another. However, when love is turned into a faà §ade in order to create the image of an perfect, fulfilling relationship, it can be alienating and destructive. In Walker Percey’s essay, The Man on the Train, he claims that love is ultimately a source of alienation instead of an escape into wonderful satisfaction. This theory is exemplified in Frank Capra’s It Happened One Night, a story of a woman, Ellie, on a journey to fill her void of true love and escape her feelings of alienation. only exacerbates her sense of alienation instead of functioning as a cure. Until Ellie can find real love within herself she will never be fully satisfied with her life. In the mean time she involves herself in many different scenarios with various men seeking some form of love, her distract ion from alienation.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  The opening scene of â€Å"It Happened One Night† illustrates that Ellie has all the luxuries one can wish for, yet she is still dissatisfied with her life. She argues that although she is given everything she is still not happy. During an argument with Peter Ellie explains the reason for her alienation, â€Å"People who are spoiled are accustomed to having their own way. I never have. On the contrary. I've always been told what to do, and how to do it, and when, and with whom.† As a result she finds herself on a quest for her husband to be, King Westley, whom her father strongly disapproves of. In the course of her search she falls in love, yet again with Peter Warne. By the end of the movie Ellie and Peter seemingly live happily ever after. The love that Elle pursues is a forged feeling. She shifts so easily from her adoration for King Westley to her love for Peter Warne that it leads one to believe that it is disingenuous. Throughout â€Å"It Happened One Night† Ellie is being taken care of by someone else other than herself. In the beginning her father looks after her. Then on her search for her husband, Peter takes Ellie under her wing. The men in her life all play a role of a nurturer or a protector, in a sense replacing the role of her father. Ellie is essentially in search of a man that can support and nurture her. The men that fulfill Ellie’s needs in... ... (Percy 99). Furthermore â€Å"[Ellie] is taking refuge in the standard rotation of the soap opera, the acceptable rhythm of the Wellisian-Huxleyan-Nathanian romance of love among the ruins† (99). Although Ellie believes she is truly in love with Peter and plays a part in a great adventure of romance, she is just following a well-known path another has already taken. Percy continues to say that Ellie’s passion for Peter is â€Å"far from being a free exploration, it is in reality a conforming to the most ritualistic of gestures: that which is thought to be proper and fitting for a sexual adventure† (99). Finally, Ellie’s pursuit for love does not prove to be an effective method to terminate alienation. Her love for Peter will only last as long as it can attain her attention, or until the next gentleman with a flair for adventure comes along. Ellie will continuously seek love from various people. Until Ellie tires from â€Å"excursions into the interesting† and begins a journey â€Å"into [her] own past in the search for [herself]† (95) will she find authentic deliverance from alienation. As a result love only plays a part as a distraction from her boredom, and plunges herself deeper into alienation.