10 of the Best Feminist Books About Dismantling the Patriarchy

10 of the Best Feminist Books About Dismantling the Patriarchy I am happy to be living in a world with so much beautiful writing about how we can make the world a better place. There are lots of big problems to tackle, but thankfully, weve got some great minds on the case. If you are looking for further feminist reading on dismantling the patriarchy, or are just getting your start, there is something here for everyone. Now get out there and fight the good fight. The Feminine Mystique by Betty Friedan This book, though written in 1963, remains quintessential feminist reading. Is it a bit dated? Yes. But not as much as youd think. Frankly, reading this, I was shocked at how much of what Friedan was talking about is still very relevant to the modern world. She breaks down the rather sudden and confusing left turn the womens movement took post-WWII. In previous decades we were seeing a lot of positive movement, gaining the right to vote, women joining the workforce in droves, and then the 1950s hit and everything shifted. Friedan called it the The Problem that Has No Name because women of the era were basically gaslit into thinking that the oppression they were experiencing was a gift. They didnt even have the words to discuss what was happening. This book started that conversation. We Should All Be Feminists by Chimamanda Ngozi Adichie This short, brilliant essay provides a great and inspiring primer into modern, intersectional feminism around the world. Through discussing her own experiences in the U.S. and in her home, Nigeria, she paints a picture of cultural discrimination and institutional marginalization that shapes the everyday lives of women. It is at times humorous and heart-wrenching, and provides a much-needed world view of feminism. The Beauty Myth by Naomi Wolf This book is another landmark of feminist reading. When it was written in the 90s, it helped redefine the relationship between beauty and the female identity. Wolf argues that it goes beyond a simple double standard and works as a kind of social control. The book builds heavily off of the work of Friedan in this regard. While the book does suffer from being slightly dated, and has some research that has been questioned, the sociological analysis of society is quite eye-opening and valuable. Nasty Women: Feminism, Resistance, and Revolution in Trumps America Edited by Samhita Mukhopadhyay This collection of essays grapples with a wide range of issues affecting women in the Trump era. With essays on topics from grappling with the loss of hope around having a female president, to reproductive rights, to how feminism intersects with the transgender community, to being queer and black in rural America, this book provides a broad and varied vision of what it means to be a woman in 2019. There is a nice arc to how the essays are arranged, and even has some ideas on how we move forward to create a better world. How to Date Men When You Hate Men by Blythe Roberson If you need a bit of comedy after all of these heavy books, this book is perfect. Robersons glib voice is in turns scathing and self-deprecating. This book isnt  really about hating men. Its more about how to date as a straight cis woman in a world where men hold most of the power and yet are often completely unaware of how much power they hold over women. Its complicated trying to navigate in such a society and build and find love based on equality. Especially when most women are raised with the idea that male validation is a requirement to be considered successful. I Dont Want To Talk About It by Terrence Real This is the only book here written by a man, but it is an important one. Real, a psychologist, discusses the plight of male depression and how men arent encouraged to talk about their feelings. He explores the negative effects of this on male psychology and, ultimately, society as a whole. In order to dismantle the patriarchy, we do need the help of men, and that means allowing them to explore a full range of emotion. Reals stance is very appreciated and still not talked about enough. Hunger by Roxane Gay Roxane Gays heart-wrenching memoir about her body is not a directly feminist text but is so important in continuing the conversation of how we view beauty. She talks extensively about the struggle with her weight over the years, her familys continuous comments, the meanness shes experienced at the hands of society, and myriad other issues that relate to having an unruly body in a society that wants women to be controlled. Her writing is beautiful, and there is no semblance of preaching in her tone whatsoever. She walks you through her painful experiences, which began with a horrific sexual assault when she was a child, and asks the readers to think about what this means for society as a whole. Men Explain Things to Me by Rebecca Solnit Men Explain Things to Me is a slim collection of essays that tackles many issues, but does a great job of bringing to light the microaggressions that women face every day. Is mansplaining a traumatic experience? No, probably not, but it is really fucking annoying. And breaking down the small ways that women are oppressed every day is how we begin to dismantle the larger system of oppression. The first essay is particularly strong and will make you laugh in a dear-god-youve-got-to-be-kidding-me kind of way. Women have been silenced for centuries and this book of essays draws a throughline from simple mansplaining to the type of silencing that leads to real harm. Women, Race, and Class by Angela Y. Davis This is another classic feminist book, but it is still 100% relevant to today. For anyone still trying to understand intersectionality, this is required reading. The book examines the womens movement throughout history and shows how it has been systematically hampered by the government and leaders who are sexist, racist, and classist. Specifically, she also highlights the racism that was inherent in the fight for womens suffrage. White feminism isnt the way forward, the only way we will ever truly dismantle the patriarchy is by joining forces and taking it down together. All About Love: New Visions by bell hooks Love as activism. Love as an all-powerful and healing force. hooks will completely win you over to this way of thinking. There is space for a wide range of feelings when dealing with the patriarchyâ€"anger, pain, sadnessâ€"but this is one of those books that will blow open your mind to a different way of thinking. In her famously beautiful way, hooks shows how love can heal the wounds that we have on an individual level, and then scales that up to healing the whole nation. Compassion and love build community, and in community, we can reimagine what our society truly looks like.

Campylobacter Jejuni - Free Essay Example

Campylobacter Jejuni Campylobacter jejuni is one of a family of bacteria known as Campylobacteriaceae that collectively are responsible for a significant number of reported cases of gastroenteritis in the UK. Gastrointestinal infection with Campylobacter spp. can produce significant long term sequelae, such as reactive arthritis and the neurological condition Guillain-Barre Syndrome. This report will give a brief overview of campylobacter jejuni with regard to its microbiology, and the identification and management of campylobacter infection. Campylobacters were recognised as a cause of human illness in the 1970s, but were probably first identified in humans by Escherich in 1886, who identified spiral shaped bacteria of the colons of children who had died from a condition he called cholera infantum (Escherisch 1886). Veterinary research at the beginning of the twentieth century identified similar bacteria in livestock, and the bacteria (termed at the time vibrio or spirillium) was implicated in a number of reported cases in both animals and humans throughout the mid-twentieth century (Butzler 2004). The key breakthrough was reported in 1972, when Dekeyser and Butzler were able to isolate the bacteria now known as campylobacter jejuni from the stool of an infected patient (Dekeyser 1972). Campylobacter spp. are classified as part of rRNA superfamily VI, a cl assification of bacteria that also includes Helicobacter and Arcobacter (Vandamme 1991). Campylobacters, and other members of the classification, are small, gram-negative bacteria that are specially adapted to colonise the surface of the mucous membranes of the digestive tract. This is reflected in the morphology of the bacteria, which has a spiral-shaped body with long unsheathed flagella at each tip. Consequently, Campylobacter are highly motile, and are able to tunnel through the mucous layer and colonise the membrane below, which is a key ability as they are highly susceptible to acidity. They are partially anaerobic, alongside other members of the classification, and undergo transformation to coccoid forms when exposed to adverse conditions (Moran 1987). Presently, 18 subspecies of Campylobacter have been identified and 11 of these are thought to be pathogenic in humans. By far the most common are campylobacter jejuni and campylobacter coli; together, these bacteria are a leadi ng cause of diarrhoeal illness. Principal risk factors for infection with campylobacter jejuni include the consumption of undercooked meat, especially poultry, inadequately pasteurised milk, contaminated water and pets with diarrhoea (Gillespie 2008). There may be human-human transmission via the faeco-oral route if personal hygiene is unsatisfactory (Wilson 2008). There is an incubation period of around 3 days, though this can range from 1-7 days. There is occasionally a prodromal illness of fever, myalgia and headache lasting around 24 hours, and patients who present with the prodromal illness often have a more severe infection than those presenting with gastrointestinal symptoms (Minton 2004). The principal illness is characterised by colicky, periumbical abdominal pain, pyrexia (the fever may be as high as 40à ¢? °C) and profuse diarrhoea, often with up to 10 bowel movements each day. The stool may be watery initially, and blood may appear in the stool as the infection progresses. Around 25% of patients will experiences tenesmus (Minton 2004). Symptoms of diarrhoea generally last for up to 7 days, and abdominal pain may persist a little longer. The illness is generally self-limiting, though the prognosis can be worse in the very young, the elderly, those with comorbid condition and the immunocompromised (Nelson 2004). It is not possible to differentiate campylobacter infection from other causes of infective gastroenteritis based on history and examination findings alone (Buss 2015). Therefore, detection of campylobacter in a stool sample is the mainstay of diagnosis, though a negative sample cannot exclude the presence of campylobacter. Samples are rarely positive after two weeks. Stool samples should always be collected in patients presenting with these symptoms, as infection with campylobacter is a notifiable disease in England and Wales (NICE 2014). In a generally fit and well adult, the main risk of acute diarrhoea of any cause, inclu ding campylobacter, is dehydration. Therefore, maintaining adequate hydration is the cornerstone of treatment. This can generally be achieved by increasing oral fluid intake, but in vulnerable patients intravenous hydration may be indicated. Rehydration may be encouraged with the administration of Racecadotril. Racecadotril is an intestinal antisecretory enkephalinase inhibitor that inhibits the breakdown of endogenous enkephalins, reducing the hypersecretion of water and electrolytes into the intestine (NICE 2013). Racecadotril is licensed in the United Kingdom for the complimentary treatment of acute diarrhoea in patients aged greater than 3 months, together with oral rehydration. Though the symptoms of campylobacter infection are unpleasant and inconvenient, there is generally no indication for antimotility medications. In fact, unless the diagnosis is confirmed via the laboratory, these medications are contraindicated as toxic megacolon has been reported as an adverse effect of antimotility medications in patients with pseudomembranous colitis and inflammatory bowel disease (Minton 2004). Given the short duration and self-limiting nature of the condition, antibiotic therapy is generally not recommended. A Swedish meta-analysis of eleven randomised control trials reported that, versus placebo, antimicrobial therapy reduced the duration of intestinal symptoms by only 1.3 days (95% CI 0.6-2.0 days) (Ternhag 2007). A further review by the National Institute of Health and Care Excellence (NICE) reported that antibiotic treatment with erythromycin cleared the bacteria from stool samples rapidly, but had no effect on the course of the disease (NICE 2009). Problems exist with antibiotic-resistant species of campylobacter, largely due to antibiotic use in animals (Gallay 2007; Lehtopolko 2010). However, antibiotic therapy should be considered for patients with severe disease or at risk of severe disease. Patients with severe disease include individuals wit h bloody stools, high fever, extra intestinal infection, worsening or relapsing symptoms, or symptoms lasting longer than one week (Ruiz-Palacios 2007). Patients classified as at risk of severe disease include the immunocompromised, the elderly and pregnant women. NICE supports this, suggesting that antibiotic therapy may be indicated if any of the following occur (NICE 2014): High fever Bloody diarrhoea More than eight stools daily Worsening clinical condition Illness for over a week Pregnancy Immunocompromise Should an antibiotic be required, azithromycin and erythromycin are the most effective agents against campylobacter in the UK, with a single 30mg/kg dose of azithromycin early in the disease proving just as effective as a 5 day course of erythromycin (Vukelic 2010). The British National Formulary recommends a combination therapy of clarithromycin with ciprofloxacin as an alternative. There are a number of complications of campylobacter infection. Acute bacterial gastroenteritis has been linked with the onset of irritable bowel syndrome in around 15% of cases à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â‚¬Å" this is termed post-infective IBS (Smith 2007). Further complications include Reiters Syndrome (a form of reactive arthritis characterised by urethritis, conjunctivitis and arthritis), and the neurological condition Guillain-Barre Syndrome. In summary, campylobacter jejuni is a gram negative, spiral shaped bacteria that colonises the mucous membranes of the gut. This colonisation produces a self-limitin g illness characterised by fever, cramping abdominal pains and diarrhoea. Infection is diagnosed via detection of the bacteria in a sample of faeces. The mainstay of treatment is rehydration à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â‚¬Å" antibiotics are rarely indicated. References Buss S, Leber A, Chapin K, Fey P, Bankowski M, Jones M, Rogatcheva M, Kanack K, Bourzac K. (2015). Multicenter Evaluation of the BioFire FilmArray Gastrointestinal Panel for Etiologic Diagnosis of Infectious Gastroenteritis. Journal of Clinical Microbiology. 53(3) Butzler J-P 2004 Campylobacter, from obscurity to celebrity. Clinical Microbiology and Infection 10(10) Dekeyser, P, Gossuin-Detrain, M, Butzler, JP, and Sternon, J. 1972 Acute enteritis due to a related vibrio: first positive stool cultures. Journal of Infectious Diseases 125 Escherich, T. 1886 Beitrage zur Kenntniss der Darmbacterien. III. Ueber das Vorkommen von Vibrionen im Darmcanal und den Stuhlgangen der Sauglinge. (Articles adding to the knowledge of intestinal bacteria. III. On the existence of vibrios in the intestines and feces of babies.). MÃÆ' ¼nchener Med Wochenschrift. 33 Gallay A, Prouzet-MaulÃÆ' ©on V, Kempf I, Lehours P, Labadi L, Camou C, Denis M, de Valk H, Desenclos JC, MÃÆ' ©grau d F. 2007 Campylobacter antimicrobial drug resistance among humans, broiler chickens, and pigs, France. Emerging Infectious Diseases 13(2) Gillespie L, OBrien S, Penman C, Tomkins D, Cowden J, Humphrey T. 2008 Demographic determinants for Campylobacter infection in England and Wales: implications for future epidemiological studies. Epidemiology and Infection 136(12) Lehtopolku M, Nakari UM, Kotilainen P, Huovinen P, Siitonen A, Hakanen AJ. 2010 Antimicrobial susceptibilities of multidrug-resistant Campylobacter jejuni and C. coli strains: in vitro activities of 20 antimicrobial agents. Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy 54(3) Minton J, Stanley P. 2004 Intra-Abdominal Infections. Clinical Medicine 4(6) Moran AP, Upton ME 1987 Factors affecting production of coccoid forms by Campylobacter jejuni on solid media during incubation. Journal of Applied Bacteriology 62(6) Nelson JM, Smith KE, Vugia DJ, Rabatsky-Ehr T, Segler SD, Kassenborg HD, Zansky SM, Joyce K, Marano N, Hoekstra RM, Angulo FJ. 2004 Prolonged diarrhea due to ciprofloxacin-resistant campylobacter infection. Journal of Infectious Diseases 190(6) NICE. (2013). Acute diarrhoea in children: racecadotril as an adjunct to oral rehydration. Available: https://www.nice.org.uk/advice/esnm12. Last accessed March 23rd 2015. NICE. (2009). CG84 Diarrhoea and vomiting in children: Diarrhoea and vomiting caused by gastroenteritis: diagnosis, assessment and management in children younger than 5 years. Available: https://www.nice.org.uk/guidance/cg84. Last accessed March 23rd 2015. NICE. (2014). Gastroenteritis. Available: https://cks.nice.org.uk/gastroenteritis. Last accessed March 23rd 2015. Ruiz-Palacios GM 2007. The health burden of Campylobacter infection and the impact of antimicrobial resistance: playing chicken. Clinical Infectious Diseases 44(5) Smith JL, Bayles D. 2007 Postinfectious irritable bowel syndrome: a long-term consequence of bacterial gastroenteritis. Journal of Food Protection 70(7) Ternhag A, Asikainen T, Giesecke J, Ekdahl K. 2007 A meta-analysis on the effects of antibiotic treatment on duration of symptoms caused by infection with Campylobacter species. Clinical Infectious Diseases 44(5) Vandamme P, Falsen E, Rossau R, Hoste B, Segers P, Tytgat R, De Ley J 1991 Revision of Campylobacter, Helicobacter, and Wolinella taxonomy: emendation of generic descriptions and proposal of Arcobacter gen. nov. International Journal of Systematic Bacteriology 41(1) Vukelic D, Trkulja V, Salkovic-Petrisic M. 2010 Single oral dose of azithromycin versus 5 days of oral erythromycin or no antibiotic in treatment of campylobacter enterocolitis in children: a prospective randomized assessor-blind study. Journal of Pedatric Gastroenterology and Nutrition 50(4) Wilson D, Gabriel E, Leatherbarrow A, Cheesbrough J, Gee S, Bolton E, Fox A, Fearnhead P, Hart C, Diggle P. 2008 Tracing the Source of Campylobacteriosis. PLoS Genetics 26; 4(9)

How to Create a Warm and Friendly Classroom Environment

To create a friendly, non-threatening classroom environment, here are some  strategies gathered from seasoned educators who create a warm and welcoming environment for their students every day.   You can start on creating an environment that is conducive to learning and maximizing student social and academic growth in 10 easy steps: Greet your students each day with enthusiasm. Find something positive to say as much as possible or as much as time will allow for.Provide students with time to share happenings, events, or items with you.  Even if you set a certain time frame aside each day for 3-5 students to share, it will help to create a friendly, warm, and welcome environment. It shows them you care and it provides you with opportunities to learn about what is important about each of your students.Take the time on occasion to share something that is important to you. This could be the fact that your own child took their first steps or that you saw a wonderful play that you would like to share with your students. Your students will see you as a real and caring person. This type of sharing shouldnt be done every day but rather from time to time.Take time to talk about differences within the classroom. Diversity is everywhere and children can benefit from learning about diversity at a very early age. Talk about varying cultural backgrounds, body image, body types, talents, strengths, and weaknesses. Provide opportunities for your learners to share their strengths and weaknesses. The child who may not be able to run fast may be able to draw very well. These conversations always need to be held in a positive light. Understanding diversity is a lifelong skill children will always benefit from. It builds trust and acceptance in the classroom.Say no to all forms of bullying. There is no such thing as a welcoming, nurturing environment when there is tolerance for bullying. Stop it early and make sure all students know that they should report bullying. Remind them that telling on a bully is not tattling, it is reporting. Have a set of routines and rules that prevent bullying.Build activities into your day that support students working together and building rapport with one another. Small group work and team work with well-established routines and rules will help in developing a very cohesive envi ronment.Focus on the strengths when calling upon a student. Never put down a child for not being able to do something, take some one-to-one time to support the child. When asking a child to demonstrate or respond to something, be sure that the child is in their comfort zone and always capitalize on the strengths. Showing sensitivity to each of your students is extremely important in protecting their confidence and self-esteem.Promote two-way respect. I cant say enough about two-way respect. Adhere to the golden rule, always show respect and you will get it back in return.Take time to educate the class about specific disorders and disabilities. Role play helps to develop empathy and support among classmates and peers.Make a conscientious effort to promote confidence and self-esteem among every student in the classroom.  Give praise and positive reinforcement that is real and deserved often. The more that students feel good about themselves, the better they will be toward themselves and others.

Biography of Jim Jones, Peoples Temple Cult Leader

Jim Jones (May 13, 1931–November 18, 1978), the leader of the Peoples Temple cult, was both charismatic and disturbed. Jones had a vision for a better world and established the Peoples Temple to help make that happen. Unfortunately, his unstable personality eventually overcame him and he became responsible for the deaths of more than 900 people, most of whom committed revolutionary suicide or were murdered at the Jonestown compound in Guyana. Fast Facts: Jim Jones Known For: Cult leader responsible for the suicide and murder of more than 900 peopleAlso Known As: James Warren Jones, FatherBorn: May 13, 1931 in Crete, IndianaParents: James Thurman Jones, Lynetta PutnamDied: November 18, 1978  in Jonestown,  GuyanaEducation: Butler UniversitySpouse: Marceline Baldwin JonesChildren: Lew, Suzanne, Stephanie, Agnes, Suzanne, Tim, Stephan Gandhi; several children out of wedlockNotable Quote: Id like to choose my own kind of death, for a change. Im tired of being tormented to hell. Tired of it. Early Years Jim Jones was born in the small town of Crete, Indiana, on May 13, 1931. Since his father James had been injured in World War I and was unable to work, Jims mother Lynetta supported the family. Neighbors considered the family a little odd. Childhood playmates remember Jim holding mock church services in his home, many of which were funeral services for dead animals. Some questioned where he kept finding so many dead animals and believed he had killed some himself. Marriage and Family While working in a hospital as a teenager, Jones met Marceline Baldwin. The two were married in June 1949. Despite an extremely difficult marriage, Marceline stayed with Jones until the end. Jones and Marceline had one child together and adopted several children of various ethnicities. Jones was proud of his rainbow family and urged others to adopt interracially. As an adult, Jim Jones wanted to make the world a better place. At first, Jones tried to be a student pastor at an already established church, but he quickly quarreled with the churchs leadership. Jones, who strongly opposed segregation, wanted to integrate the church, which was not a popular idea at that time. Healing Rituals Jones soon began preaching specifically to African-Americans, whom he most wanted to help. He often used healing rituals to attract new followers. These highly staged events claimed to heal peoples illnesses—anything from eye problems to heart disease. Within two years, Jones had enough followers to start his own church. By selling imported monkeys as pets to people door to door, Jones had saved enough money to open his own church in Indianapolis. The Origins of the Peoples Temple Founded in 1956 by Jim Jones, the Peoples Temple started in Indianapolis, Indiana as a racially integrated church that focused on helping people in need. At a time when most churches were segregated, the Peoples Temple offered a very different, utopian view of what society could become. Jones was the leader of the church. He was a charismatic man who demanded loyalty and preached of sacrifice. His vision was socialist in nature. He believed that American capitalism caused an unhealthy balance in the world, where the rich had too much money and the poor worked hard to receive too little. Through the Peoples Temple, Jones preached activism. Although just a small church, the Peoples Temple established soup kitchens and homes for the elderly and mentally ill. It also helped people find jobs. Move to California As the Peoples Temple grew increasingly successful, scrutiny of Jones and his practices grew as well. When an investigation into his healing rituals was about to begin, Jones decided it was time to move. In 1966, Jones moved the Peoples Temple to Redwood Valley, California, a small town just north of Ukiah in the northern part of the state. Jones picked Redwood Valley in particular because he had read an article that listed it as one of the top places least likely to be hit during a nuclear attack. Plus, California seemed much more open to accepting an integrated church than Indiana had been. About 65 families followed Jones from Indiana to California. Once established in Redwood Valley, Jones expanded into the San Francisco Bay Area. The Peoples Temple once again established homes for the elderly and the mentally ill. It also helped addicts and foster children. The work done by the Peoples Temple was praised in newspapers and by local politicians. People trusted Jim Jones and believed he had a clear view of what needed to be changed in the United States. Yet, many did not know that Jones was a much more complex man; a man who was more unbalanced than anyone ever suspected. Drugs, Power, and Paranoia From the outside, Jim Jones and his Peoples Temple looked like an amazing success; the reality, however, was quite different. In fact, the church was transforming into a cult centered around Jim Jones. After the move to California, Jones changed the tenor of the Peoples Temple from religious to political, with a strong communist bent. Members at the top of the churchs hierarchy had pledged not only their devotion to Jones  but had also pledged over all of their material possessions and money. Some members even signed over custody of their children to him. Jones quickly became infatuated with power, requiring his followers to call him either Father or Dad. Later, Jones began to describe himself as Christ and then, in the last few years, claimed that he was himself God. Jones also took large quantities of drugs, both amphetamines and barbiturates. At first, it might have been to help him stay up longer so that he could get more good works done. Soon, however, the drugs caused major mood swings, his health deteriorated, and it increased his paranoia. No longer was Jones just worried about nuclear attacks. He soon believed that the entire government—especially the CIA and FBI—was after him. In part to escape from this perceived government threat and to escape from an exposà © article about to be published, Jones decided to move the Peoples Temple to Guyana in South America. The Jonestown Settlement and Suicide Once Jones had convinced many of the Peoples Temple members to move to what was supposed to be a utopian commune in the jungles of Guyana, Joness control over his members became extreme. It was apparent to many that there was no escape from Joness control; this control was leveraged, in part, by his use of mind-altering drugs to manage his followers. According to The New York Times, he had stockpiled and was administering Quaaludes, Demerol, Valium, morphine and 11,000 doses of Thorazine, a drug used to calm people with extreme mental problems. The living conditions were horrible, the work hours were long, and Jones had changed for the worse. When rumors of the conditions at the Jonestown compound reached relatives back home, concerned family members put pressure on the government to take action. When Rep. Leo Ryan of California took a trip to Guyana to visit Jonestown, the trip ignited Joness own fears of a government conspiracy that was out to get him. To Jones, greatly addled by drugs and his paranoia, Ryans visit meant Joness own doom. Jones launched an attack against Ryan and his entourage and in so doing used that to influence all his followers to commit revolutionary suicide. Ryan and four others were killed in the attack. Death While most of his followers (including children) died from being forced at gunpoint to drink cyanide-laced grape punch, Jim Jones died on the same day (November 18, 1978) of a gunshot wound to the head. It is still unclear whether or not it was self-inflicted. Legacy Jones and the Peoples Temple have been the subject of many books, articles, documentaries, songs, poems, and movies about the events in Jonestown, Guyana. The event also gave rise to the expression drinking the Kool-Aid, meaning believing in a flawed and potentially dangerous idea; this phrase derives from the deaths of so many Peoples Temple members after drinking poison-laced punch or Kool-Aid. Sources Editors of Encyclopaedia Britannica. â€Å"Jim Jones.†Ã‚  Encyclopà ¦dia Britannica, 14 Nov. 2018.â€Å"Jones Commune Found Stocked With Drugs to Control the Mind.†Ã‚  The New York Times, 29 Dec. 1978.â€Å"The Culture of Jim Jones: An Analysis of Reactions to the Jonestown Tragedy.†Ã‚  Alternative Considerations of Jonestown Peoples Temple.

`` Temporarily Yours Desire, Demand, And The Commerce Of...

I read chapter 46, â€Å"Temporarily Yours: Desire, Demand, and the Commerce of Sex† by Elizabeth Bernstein. This chapter dealt with the issue of prostitution and how it is perceived in modern society and how it affects the economy. The chapter drew on field observations and interviews with male clients of commercial sex workers. As well as how State agents deal with enforcing state laws on commercial sexual exchanges. In the chapter Bernstein, tells her reader that prostitution is illegal in all states with the exception of Nevada. Bernstein goes on to explain that this does not stop clients from seeking out paid sexual exchanges, even thought they know the risk of possible arrests or being infected with a sexually transmitted infection. While I was reading the article, the first time through, my initial question was what draws a client to seeking out a paid sexual experience. Bernstein answers that question with the interviews included in the chapter, which were conducted wi th several male clients. The first reason is that the clients do not want to have the pressures or the commitment that comes from being in a relationship. Second, is that sex is seen as an exchangeable commodity in the capitalist economy of America. The third reason is that paying for sex is a form having fun because there are no strings attached. This goes along with not wanting a committed relationship. This doesn’t mean that married men do not seek out sex from prostitution. Bernstein talks aboutShow MoreRelatedAnalysis Of Cornel West, An American Philosopher And Political Activist1444 Words   |  6 Pagespost-industrial American society. Sex workers are not automatically considered to be from low-income, marginalized groups, and instead, they have come to also include individuals from the educated, middle-class category. This demographic transition reveals the gradual diversification of the sex market that has taken place over time. This diversification can be attributed to the rapidly developi ng connection between commerce and intimacy that has given rise to the term â€Å"sexual commerce.† This concept reflectsRead MoreStephen P. Robbins Timothy A. Judge (2011) Organizational Behaviour 15th Edition New Jersey: Prentice Hall393164 Words   |  1573 Pagesphotocopying, recording, or likewise. To obtain permission(s) to use material from this work, please submit a written request to Pearson Education, Inc., Permissions Department, One Lake Street, Upper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458, or you may fax your request to 201-236-3290. Many of the designations by manufacturers and sellers to distinguish their products are claimed as trademarks. Where those designations appear in this book, and the publisher was aware of a trademark claim, the designationsRead MoreMarketing Mistakes and Successes175322 Words   |  702 Pagesgood and bad handling of problems and opportunities are forever emerging. But sometimes we bring back an oldie, and with updating, gain a new perspective. For new users, I hope the book will meet your full expectations and be an effective instructional tool. Although case books abound, you and your students may find this somewhat unique and very readable, a book that can help transform dry and rather remote concepts into practical reality, and lead to lively class discussions, and even debatesRead MoreOne Significant Change That Has Occurred in the World Between 1900 and 2005. Explain the Impact This Change Has Made on Our Lives and Why It Is an Important Change.163893 Words   |  656 PagesOther migrants were the traders and shopkeepers who moved and exchanged these resources and manufactured goods across the world. This growing web of mass production and markets shaped the likelihood and direction of migration in many forms. Labor demands and low frontier populations produced both higher wages and increased opportunities for employment and trade. At the same time, increased commercialization impacted rural relations around the world, creating both the need and the opportunities to

Agency Theory And The Separation Of Ownership Between...

Agency Theory describes the incentives problems between agents and in a business and the business principals and the separation of ownership between suppliers of capital within a firm (Morris,1987). Agency theory is also concerned with undertaking problems that can exist in the agency relationships due to irregular goals, different aversion levels of risk and decision making with control functions in the firm (Morris, 1987). Agency Theory demonstrates that the precipitate will incur agency cost, which then has an incentive to reduce. The cost of agency is, to decline in a firm’s value when the shareholder managers when pursuing the shareholder interest, particularly when the managers act incompetently or they do not have a to choose a project, making a profit to the shareholders, lastly the cost of monitoring and bonding managers so in the end they share an interest with the shareholders (Morris, 1987). 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Krueler Interview Free Essays

The first Boer war was from 1880-1881 when the Boers fought England in order to recover their independence they had given up to obtain British help against the Zulus. The second was from 1899-1902 when the Orange Free State and Transvaal declared war on Britain. Pieter Krueler was one of the toughest and bravest soldiers during the war. We will write a custom essay sample on Krueler Interview or any similar topic only for you Order Now He was interviewed and revealed the real setting of the war in his own experience which makes the critics point out and reviewed the dilemmas more clear to the minds of the people. The war started between the differences of some learned diplomats and roughhewn nesters and successful millionaires battling for gold and power to rule (Bartleby). Opinions of anti-British, when the discovery of gold in Witwatersrand, many miners or prospectors are interested to get hold of the land. Â  The Boer’s called them threat to their state. After sometime, all mines are transferred to the British’s custody. The Boer government protected the people so they charged big taxes from Uitlanders, also known as the foreigners even though British don’t really agree to that. The Orange Free State which was the independent Boer state in South Africa formed military troops to protect their independence (Bartleby). The Boer’s protest with regards to their rights was denied. The Boer declared war. Krueler was among those soldiers who fought for the Boers. Since the Boers are highly furnished with more weapons than the British, they had gone victories over the British adjacent to Boer’s territories. The Boers are kind hearted. They treated their prisoners well enough. They even fetched water for them to drink and even get blankets for the prisoners to rest. In the Cape Colony, there were many Boers captured because the British sent well trained reinforcements that lead them to victory. Cronje who was Boer’s leader forced to surrender. It was soon the British totally occupied the Transvaal territory. Roberts, who was the leader of British who led them to victory left the place because of his perception, the war was ended. Unfortunately, it wasn’t over yet and the Boers continue their coordination that lead to Guerilla war. They cut off the communications; attacked military post stations and some captured Boer were escaped by their help (Moritz). The Boers are fighting for their land which many foreigners are eager to find ways of colonizing the land. They are fighting for their independence which many foreigners are taking them away. They are great and brave people fighting for freedom, but they were only few of them. The British were certain enough that they can defend themselves from the Boers; they decided to totally finish the war under the ruling of Kitchener (Weber). The British recognized the kindness of the Boers to their families and their fellowmen; they captured the Boer’s women and children. Kitchener commanded his men to demolish the livestock and crops, farms were being burned, and captured women and children into. More women especially the children got sick and there were thousands died during that captured (Weber). Imperialism during the 20th century was very rude. It’s a regretful to those who did bad things to other people. The saddest part of it was that, the British were conquering the land that was not intended for them and hurting the people who own the land. The behavior of one’s nation because of power to control one’s land is very drastic. Kitchener’s plan of using the defenseless women and children as part of the war is to win the war, but not directly to fight with the Boer’s armies (Weber). When the Boer’s troops are diminishing rapidly and that ended the war. The Boer’s government accepted the leadership of the British in the condition that the British must apply a good government concerning the people in the future. However, the war gave the Boers so much resentment which continuous to affect the political life of the people throughout the 20th century (Bartleby). According to Krueler’s interview, the women and children including the four thousand prisoners gave a safe passageway by the British when they surrendered for the sake of the children and women. Moreover, the British treated him not as prisoner because he presumed of being a kid. With regards to the interview Krueler, the British had a conscience to speak for themselves for giving safe passageways for those who survived during the war. All they want was to get hold of the land. During the 1899 up to 1902 has become debatable. The holocaust happened in the camps is against the international law. This violates the human rights of the people. Women and children should not treat badly because they are weak and defenseless (Moritz). Anti-British claimed justice to all people who were badly injured and died during the war because of the barbaric acts of the British. The sympathy is with the Boers who only want their own land to live, but because they are few men to fight compared with their intruders, their land was totally occupied and ruled by the British (Weber). The war was proved to be the costliest, bloodiest and longest. Furthermore, it was said to be humiliating war from the British because of the longest time to defeat the Boers knowing that they were only few men fighting against them. In addition to, they were not fighting against the armies of the Boers, but they were fighting against the weak people of the Boers (Weber). Not only had the British militaries committed crimes, but also the leaders who gave commands. It is a crime against humanity, crime that no one was punished, crime that Kitchener should pay for. Unfortunately, when Kitchener died, he was remembered because of his virtue instead of a criminal (Weber). The British leaders’ imperialistic acts and hunger for diamonds and gold brought big and unforgivable damage to the people and land of Boer. The British were already powerful and wealthy during that time. They forgot about the thousands of lives perished for their greediness (Weber). Krueler’s interview about the First World War seems to be more similar intentions of the German people of acquiring the land in which the British occupied during that time. He was used by the German leaders to fight for them for colonial reasons. Some European countries are aiming to win the land of gold and diamonds for the purpose of continuous power and wealth. During the European wars, there are millions of civilians and militaries died aiming for one land which was not really fair for the civilians and most especially to those who owns the land. Bibliography The Columbia Encyclopedia 6th Edition. Bartleby. Dec 2007. http://www.bartleby.com/65/st/SthAfrW.html Moritz, Garett. About. 1998. Weber, Mark. IHR. May 1999. http://www.ihr.org/jhr/v18/v18n3p14_Weber.html How to cite Krueler Interview, Essay examples